---------------------------------------------------------- Europa-List Digest Archive --- Total Messages Posted Wed 04/21/10: 16 ---------------------------------------------------------- Today's Message Index: ---------------------- 1. 01:06 AM - PH-DIY first flight! (Sjaak) 2. 01:38 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Robert C Harrison) 3. 02:03 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Greg Fuchs) 4. 03:02 AM - Re: Fuel Cap stuck on (JR Gowing) 5. 03:53 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (William Daniell) 6. 04:56 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Kingsley Hurst) 7. 06:17 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (JEFF ROBERTS) 8. 06:42 AM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Karl Heindl) 9. 12:44 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Fred Klein) 10. 12:44 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Greg Fuchs) 11. 12:51 PM - Battery replacement in Garmin 3 pilot (mike gamble) 12. 01:21 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Frans Veldman) 13. 01:36 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Frans Veldman) 14. 01:42 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Frans Veldman) 15. 01:51 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Frans Veldman) 16. 05:57 PM - Re: PH-DIY first flight! (Kevin Klinefelter) ________________________________ Message 1 _____________________________________ Time: 01:06:45 AM PST US From: "Sjaak" Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Frans, Ilona, Hearty congratulations on the first flight of your wonderful PH-DIY. After all your days/nights of working now the good life finally starts! Enjoy it, have fun and come soon to show her at EHTE. Happy landings! Jack van Heeswijk, PH-LOB -----Oorspronkelijk bericht----- Van: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] Namens Frans Veldman Verzonden: dinsdag 20 april 2010 19:51 Aan: europa-list@matronics.com Onderwerp: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Hi everyone! Today, at 12:25 LT on EHHO, PH-DIY made his first flight. Conditions were vulcanic ash, 17-22 KN head wind (straight on the runway). According to the test pilot, the PH-DIY flies beautifully, straight and balanced, can be flown hands-off, with a very slight tendency for left (but this can be attributed to the asymmetric load). Only the rudder seems to be a bit out of balance: there is always some "right rudder" required. A trim tab would solve this. This needs some investigation. Stals: The stall is, clean and dirty, benign. Some buffetting, and then nothing really happens, he just parachutes down. Absolutely no wing drop. "Like a Cessna" according to the test pilot. Stall clean is at approximately 50 Knots, with full flaps it is 42 knots. Performance: The pilot was amazed at the performance of this airplane. Climb was 1500ft/min with 80 knots, with the power to 100% (not 115%). Cruise was with 4200 rpm and a manifold pressure of 28 good for 120 knots IAS (the airspeed indicator has been calibrated to a maximum deviation of 1 knots). Conditions were somewhat turbulent, but performance data was verified in a sequence of tries (because the pilot had some trouble to believe this data, he tried it a few times at some distances apart to rule out local updrafts). We have had some temperature problems on the early ground runs, but although the temperatures on the ground still have a tendency to rise, during flight the temperatures were actually quite low (this was with the cowl flap 3/4 open, I asked the pilot to leave it at this setting to keep things simple and comparable). Quirks: The PH-DIY needs constant right rudder. If anyone has a good idea what the cause can be and/or what to do about this, let us know! In cruise, there is some down trim necessary. Trim setting is not in the middle of the scale. I believe that this is a common thing, but I have not yet checked the Europa forum archive for this. Comments: After some horror stories of Europa's that flip upside down on the stall, we are very pleased with the benign stall characteristics of the PH-DIY. The performance data is better than we expected, and we will of course repeat the tests. (We have Fred Klein's wing root fairings, a radically trimmed down and optimized cooling duct, and of course this "can't be true" 2-blade high twist large diameter prop, so we expected performance to be on the good side of the scale, but this is more than we accounted for). Well, tomorrow we will give the PH-DIY a thorough check, so if weather cooperates we will saterday fly ourselves (first with an instructor of course). Pictures of the first flight can be found on our website at www.privatepilots.nl/europa/firstflight.htm Ilona & Frans ________________________________ Message 2 _____________________________________ Time: 01:38:06 AM PST US From: "Robert C Harrison" Subject: RE: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Hi! Frans and Iona. Well done and be sure who is in command at all times !! Best regards Bob Harrison G-PTAG (nearly complete Tru Track Mod 10507 Retro Fit is a complete Bastard to do !)So hoping it works to satisfaction. -----Original Message----- From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Frans Veldman Sent: 20 April 2010 18:51 Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Hi everyone! Today, at 12:25 LT on EHHO, PH-DIY made his first flight. Conditions were vulcanic ash, 17-22 KN head wind (straight on the runway). According to the test pilot, the PH-DIY flies beautifully, straight and balanced, can be flown hands-off, with a very slight tendency for left (but this can be attributed to the asymmetric load). Only the rudder seems to be a bit out of balance: there is always some "right rudder" required. A trim tab would solve this. This needs some investigation. Stals: The stall is, clean and dirty, benign. Some buffetting, and then nothing really happens, he just parachutes down. Absolutely no wing drop. "Like a Cessna" according to the test pilot. Stall clean is at approximately 50 Knots, with full flaps it is 42 knots. Performance: The pilot was amazed at the performance of this airplane. Climb was 1500ft/min with 80 knots, with the power to 100% (not 115%). Cruise was with 4200 rpm and a manifold pressure of 28 good for 120 knots IAS (the airspeed indicator has been calibrated to a maximum deviation of 1 knots). Conditions were somewhat turbulent, but performance data was verified in a sequence of tries (because the pilot had some trouble to believe this data, he tried it a few times at some distances apart to rule out local updrafts). We have had some temperature problems on the early ground runs, but although the temperatures on the ground still have a tendency to rise, during flight the temperatures were actually quite low (this was with the cowl flap 3/4 open, I asked the pilot to leave it at this setting to keep things simple and comparable). Quirks: The PH-DIY needs constant right rudder. If anyone has a good idea what the cause can be and/or what to do about this, let us know! In cruise, there is some down trim necessary. Trim setting is not in the middle of the scale. I believe that this is a common thing, but I have not yet checked the Europa forum archive for this. Comments: After some horror stories of Europa's that flip upside down on the stall, we are very pleased with the benign stall characteristics of the PH-DIY. The performance data is better than we expected, and we will of course repeat the tests. (We have Fred Klein's wing root fairings, a radically trimmed down and optimized cooling duct, and of course this "can't be true" 2-blade high twist large diameter prop, so we expected performance to be on the good side of the scale, but this is more than we accounted for). Well, tomorrow we will give the PH-DIY a thorough check, so if weather cooperates we will saterday fly ourselves (first with an instructor of course). Pictures of the first flight can be found on our website at www.privatepilots.nl/europa/firstflight.htm Ilona & Frans ________________________________ Message 3 _____________________________________ Time: 02:03:57 AM PST US From: "Greg Fuchs " Subject: RE: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Congratulations Frans and Ilona! Enjoy the spoils of all your hard labor. Now even the sky is not the limit! -Greg Fuchs A050 Hi everyone! Today, at 12:25 LT on EHHO, PH-DIY made his first flight. Ilona & Frans ________________________________ Message 4 _____________________________________ Time: 03:02:52 AM PST US From: "JR Gowing" Subject: Re: Europa-List: Fuel Cap stuck on And for those interested, I slid a thin knife in the slot and was able to remove the cap. When examined, you can see that there are several edges on the cap side of the piece which enters the main body set in the fuselage. I went around this several times filing a bevel on the cap side of the edge. And this looks OK. Now to get my piece of chain to be anchored in the inlet tube...... JR - Kit 327 I ----- Original Message ----- From: JR Gowing To: europa-list@matronics.com Sent: Monday, April 19, 2010 6:20 PM Subject: Re: Europa-List: Fuel Cap stuck on I should have mentioned that I am in Austalia and am supposed to tether the cap to the a/c because it is out of sight of the pilot in his cockpit! JR Gowing in Oz - no. 327 ----- Original Message ----- From: Kevin Challis To: europa-list@matronics.com Sent: Monday, April 19, 2010 3:41 PM Subject: RE: Europa-List: Fuel Cap stuck on Hi My fuel cap was fine I then lost it!!! Don't ask. I put a replacement cap on and it has stuck ever since I have to use a screwdriver as a lever to prise it off. Kevin G-ODJG Tri gear 912ULS From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of JR Gowing Sent: 19 April 2010 00:50 To: europa-list@matronics.com Subject: Europa-List: Fuel Cap stuck on I had noticed that the cap sometimes was caught and would not come off - but a few more tries had always got it to come free - But his morning it seems seriously stuck so I would appreciate advice from those who may have "done it and got it"......... JR (Bob) Gowing Kit 327 in Oz - not finished and a lot more to do yet...... ------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- We are a community of 7 million users fighting spam. SPAMfighter hs not have this message. http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Europa-Listhttp://forums.matronics.com http://www.matronics.com/contribution ------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- Date: 04/18/10 18:31:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- We are a community of 7 million users fighting spamessional version does not have this message. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- Checked by AVG - www.avg.com 04/18/10 18:31:00 ________________________________ Message 5 _____________________________________ Time: 03:53:04 AM PST US From: William Daniell Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Congratulations...Im very jealous Will JR Gowing wrote: > > Congratulations Frans > Anyone completing a Europa deserves a medal in my opinion. > Great word from down under. > JR (Bob) Gowing in Oz 327 > ----- Original Message ----- > From: "Frans Veldman" > To: > Sent: Wednesday, April 21, 2010 3:50 AM > Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! > > > >> Hi everyone! >> >> Today, at 12:25 LT on EHHO, PH-DIY made his first flight. >> Conditions were vulcanic ash, 17-22 KN head wind (straight on the runway). >> > snipped > do not archive > > > -- > We are a community of 7 million users fighting spam. > > The Professional version does not have this message > > > ________________________________ Message 6 _____________________________________ Time: 04:56:18 AM PST US From: "Kingsley Hurst" Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Hello Frans and Ilona, More congratulations from Australia. I didn't think you would let a little thing like a volcano get in the way of your first flight! - where there's a will there's a way! Must be a great feeling. Cheers to you both Kingsley ________________________________ Message 7 _____________________________________ Time: 06:17:32 AM PST US From: JEFF ROBERTS Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Frans, As you know... you have joined a select few that get to experience the wonders of accomplishment and at the same time, the joys of flight. It's no wonder we do this. As you become comfortable with her she will smile back and remind you of what it took to complete her. Then you experience the joy all over again every time you fly her. Just yesterday I couldn't bare to bring her down so I kept taking back off. At the end of the morning I told my wife that much fun should be against the law. Enjoy it and by the way... you are a valuable asset to this forum. Congratulations!! Jeff R. N128LJ Gold Rush On Apr 21, 2010, at 5:51 AM, William Daniell wrote: > Congratulations...Im very jealous > Will > > > JR Gowing wrote: >> >> > >> >> Congratulations Frans >> Anyone completing a Europa deserves a medal in my opinion. >> Great word from down under. >> JR (Bob) Gowing in Oz 327 >> ----- Original Message ----- >> From: "Frans Veldman" >> To: >> Sent: Wednesday, April 21, 2010 3:50 AM >> Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! >> >> >> >>> Hi everyone! >>> >>> Today, at 12:25 LT on EHHO, PH-DIY made his first flight. >>> Conditions were vulcanic ash, 17-22 KN head wind (straight on the >>> runway). >>> >> snipped >> do not archive >> >> >> -- >> We are a community of 7 million users fighting spam. >> >> The Professional version does not have this message >> >> >> >> >> >> >> > > ________________________________ Message 8 _____________________________________ Time: 06:42:01 AM PST US From: Karl Heindl Subject: RE: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Frans=2C Congratulations to both of you and the test pilot. You will have a lot of f un with that Europa. A cruise of 120 knots at just over 50% power is pretty phenominal. I doubt that anyone can match that. It should give an excellent range as well. Your pioneering mods to the cooling air flow=2C the Klein wing root fairings=2C and the 2-bladed Woodcomp are all contributing to that. Karl > Date: Tue=2C 20 Apr 2010 19:50:36 +0200 > From: frans@privatepilots.nl > Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! > To: europa-list@matronics.com > > Hi everyone! > > Today=2C at 12:25 LT on EHHO=2C PH-DIY made his first flight. > Conditions were vulcanic ash=2C 17-22 KN head wind (straight on the runwa y). > > According to the test pilot=2C the PH-DIY flies beautifully=2C straight a nd > balanced=2C can be flown hands-off=2C with a very slight tendency for lef t > (but this can be attributed to the asymmetric load). Only the rudder > seems to be a bit out of balance: there is always some "right rudder" > required. A trim tab would solve this. This needs some investigation. > > Stals: > The stall is=2C clean and dirty=2C benign. Some buffetting=2C and then no thing > really happens=2C he just parachutes down. Absolutely no wing drop. "Like > a Cessna" according to the test pilot. > Stall clean is at approximately 50 Knots=2C with full flaps it is 42 knot s. > > Performance: > The pilot was amazed at the performance of this airplane. > Climb was 1500ft/min with 80 knots=2C with the power to 100% (not 115%). > Cruise was with 4200 rpm and a manifold pressure of 28 good for 120 > knots IAS (the airspeed indicator has been calibrated to a maximum > deviation of 1 knots). > Conditions were somewhat turbulent=2C but performance data was verified i n > a sequence of tries (because the pilot had some trouble to believe this > data=2C he tried it a few times at some distances apart to rule out local > updrafts). > We have had some temperature problems on the early ground runs=2C but > although the temperatures on the ground still have a tendency to rise=2C > during flight the temperatures were actually quite low (this was with > the cowl flap 3/4 open=2C I asked the pilot to leave it at this setting t o > keep things simple and comparable). > > Quirks: > The PH-DIY needs constant right rudder. If anyone has a good idea what > the cause can be and/or what to do about this=2C let us know! > In cruise=2C there is some down trim necessary. Trim setting is not in th e > middle of the scale. I believe that this is a common thing=2C but I have > not yet checked the Europa forum archive for this. > > Comments: > After some horror stories of Europa's that flip upside down on the > stall=2C we are very pleased with the benign stall characteristics of the > PH-DIY. The performance data is better than we expected=2C and we will of > course repeat the tests. (We have Fred Klein's wing root fairings=2C a > radically trimmed down and optimized cooling duct=2C and of course this > "can't be true" 2-blade high twist large diameter prop=2C so we expected > performance to be on the good side of the scale=2C but this is more than > we accounted for). > > Well=2C tomorrow we will give the PH-DIY a thorough check=2C so if weathe r > cooperates we will saterday fly ourselves (first with an instructor of > course). > > Pictures of the first flight can be found on our website at > www.privatepilots.nl/europa/firstflight.htm > > Ilona & Frans ________________________________ Message 9 _____________________________________ Time: 12:44:56 PM PST US From: Fred Klein Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Frans...delighted to hear your initial performance results...trust you agree that the fairings haven't slowed your plane down, though I suspect your improvements in cooling drag reduction were a contributing factor. Fred On Apr 21, 2010, at 6:31 AM, Karl Heindl wrote: > Frans, > > Congratulations to both of you and the test pilot. You will have a > lot of fun with that Europa. > A cruise of 120 knots at just over 50% power is pretty phenominal. I > doubt that anyone can match that. It should give an excellent range > as well. Your pioneering mods to the cooling air flow, the Klein > wing root fairings, and the 2-bladed Woodcomp are all contributing > to that. > > Karl > > > Date: Tue, 20 Apr 2010 19:50:36 +0200 > > From: frans@privatepilots.nl > > Subject: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! > > To: europa-list@matronics.com > > > > > > Performance: > > The pilot was amazed at the performance of this airplane. > > Climb was 1500ft/min with 80 knots, with the power to 100% (not > 115%). > > Cruise was with 4200 rpm and a manifold pressure of 28 good for 120 > > knots IAS (the airspeed indicator has been calibrated to a maximum > > deviation of 1 knots). ________________________________ Message 10 ____________________________________ Time: 12:44:56 PM PST US From: "Greg Fuchs " Subject: RE: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Jeff, I see that your bird is in the air again. On behalf of those in the group that may have the same problem in the future, or are just curious, what was the solution that you found pertaining to your electric problems? thanks in advance! Greg F ........ Just yesterday I couldn't bare to bring her down so I kept taking back off. At the end of the morning I told my wife that much fun should be against the law. Jeff R. N128LJ Gold Rush ________________________________ Message 11 ____________________________________ Time: 12:51:50 PM PST US From: "mike gamble" Subject: Europa-List: Battery replacement in Garmin 3 pilot Has anybody had experience replacing the memory battery in the old Garmin 3 pilot GPS. Is it straight forward and is the battery easily obtained in UK? I'm reluctant to discard what has been a trusty old companion over many years, for the sake of a bit of diy tinkering. Thanks Mike XS mono G-CFMP ________________________________ Message 12 ____________________________________ Time: 01:21:55 PM PST US From: Frans Veldman Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! On 04/20/2010 09:28 PM, Fred Klein wrote: > A beautiful bird indeed...I've admired your attention to detail as shown > in your build album, but your Peace sign rondel takes the cake! Hehe. There is a story behind that: The painter showed us pictures of his plane, and he had some bright orange circles on his wings, so he was more visible over snow and in the event of a forced landing in the snow. We thought this was a good idea, especially for the underside, not just for safety but also because our airplane is then a bit more recognisable for family and relatives on the ground (we got too many times questions "was that you over my house?" and no, we weren't ;-) ). Then of course, any decoration in those circles will make it look like these military rondels, and we didn't like that idea. So, to take any confusion with military rondels away, we decided to use these peace signs. Well, actually I proposed it as a joke, but Ilona thought it was a great idea. Beware if you are building an airplane together with a female builder! ;-) You might end up with an airplane decorated with flowers and butterflies. ;-) The roundel is actually bright yellow, but you can't see that very well on the picture. It remains to be seen how military airports will react on our arrival, but I guess there are also quite some folks who will welcome an airplane decorated in this style. So far everyone found it cool. Anyway, I think apart from the message that we are peace minded, it also has some surprise element: it is not something you expect after having seen the airplane on the ground. So far nobody has been looking under the airplane, except of course once we reached the recent flying status! It appears that at least it reached the goal of making the airplane easily recognisable from the ground. Two bright yellow "dots" on the underside: that must be Ilona and Frans! ;-) Frans ________________________________ Message 13 ____________________________________ Time: 01:36:12 PM PST US From: Frans Veldman Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! On 04/20/2010 10:47 PM, acrojim@cfl.rr.com wrote: > > Frans; The first thing that comes to mind, about having to hold right rudder. Did you shim the engine in the engine mount to the "right" when installing the engine... We did, but I'm going to measure again to see if nothing has moved. If looking from behind the airplane, the upper right side of the fin is somewhat more visible than the left side. It seems like there is a very slight twist in the fin. I can't see how we could have prevented this, it appears the moulding was this way (and I remember that it has been mentioned on this forum by other people as well). This may be the reason we need to apply a bit of right rudder. Privately, some people have mailed me that they had to fit a small rudder trim tab as well, so it seems not to be something totally uncommon. Frans ________________________________ Message 14 ____________________________________ Time: 01:42:46 PM PST US From: Frans Veldman Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! On 04/21/2010 09:26 PM, Fred Klein wrote: > Frans...delighted to hear your initial performance results...trust you > agree that the fairings haven't slowed your plane down, Sure they are a contributing factor! Too bad that I just can't take them off to see how much they contribute. Personally I think that the prop is also a large factor. I just read in the Europa magazine that David Joyce has written an article about props with a large twist which will be published in the next issue of the Europa magazine. (In fact, it was David Joyce who has guided me to the large twist propellers). This in combination with the somewhat larger than usual diameter and (not everyone agrees with this) the fact that it has two blades must make it a real performer. Well, the prop can be swapped for another one, if we really want to make a comparison and see how much this prop contributes to performance. If someone can lend me a 3-blade Woodcomp prop I will happily record some performance data. > though I suspect > your improvements in cooling drag reduction were a contributing factor. At least this removed something from the frontal area, but then again, I have a hi-top, so this should increase drag somewhat. Frans ________________________________ Message 15 ____________________________________ Time: 01:51:55 PM PST US From: Frans Veldman Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! On 04/21/2010 03:09 PM, JEFF ROBERTS wrote: > Frans, > As you know... you have joined a select few that get to experience the > wonders of accomplishment and at the same time, the joys of flight. We would like to express our thanks to all of you for all the nice words we received! And of course the PH-DIY would never have been evolved to its current stage without the contribution of this wonderfull Europa forum! We have been very lucky to start building so lately, so we could incorporate many of the ideas and wisdom from our fellow builders. Most (if not all) mods were the result of discussions on this forum. When we started building, we didn't know so much about airplanes as we do now! Building the airplane and digging through the forum archives was a very educational process. Although I have no doubt that the flying stage will be loaded with fun, I will also miss some aspects of the building stage (and no, I'm not referring to fitting the doors, bonding in the main gear, bleeding the brakes and working inside the tail). Thanks to all of you! Ilona & Frans ________________________________ Message 16 ____________________________________ Time: 05:57:47 PM PST US From: "Kevin Klinefelter" Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! Hi Franz, So glad to hear that PH-DIY is off to great start. Mine needs just a touch of left rudder in cruise, so I added a little trim tab. I just got home (KBIH) today from Sun & Fun having flown 4,200 nm cruising with a smile and my feet off the pedals.(except landing this mono)! I hope you both have as much fun as I am having! Kevin do not archive ----- Original Message ----- From: "Frans Veldman" Sent: Wednesday, April 21, 2010 1:26 PM Subject: Re: Europa-List: PH-DIY first flight! > > On 04/20/2010 10:47 PM, acrojim@cfl.rr.com wrote: >> >> Frans; The first thing that comes to mind, about having to hold right >> rudder. Did you shim the engine in the engine mount to the "right" when >> installing the engine... > > We did, but I'm going to measure again to see if nothing has moved. > > If looking from behind the airplane, the upper right side of the fin is > somewhat more visible than the left side. It seems like there is a very > slight twist in the fin. I can't see how we could have prevented this, > it appears the moulding was this way (and I remember that it has been > mentioned on this forum by other people as well). > This may be the reason we need to apply a bit of right rudder. > Privately, some people have mailed me that they had to fit a small > rudder trim tab as well, so it seems not to be something totally uncommon. > > Frans > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Matronics Email List Services ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Post A New Message europa-list@matronics.com UN/SUBSCRIBE http://www.matronics.com/subscription List FAQ http://www.matronics.com/FAQ/Europa-List.htm Web Forum Interface To Lists http://forums.matronics.com Matronics List Wiki http://wiki.matronics.com Full Archive Search Engine http://www.matronics.com/search 7-Day List Browse http://www.matronics.com/browse/europa-list Browse Digests http://www.matronics.com/digest/europa-list Browse Other Lists http://www.matronics.com/browse Live Online Chat! http://www.matronics.com/chat Archive Downloading http://www.matronics.com/archives Photo Share http://www.matronics.com/photoshare Other Email Lists http://www.matronics.com/emaillists Contributions http://www.matronics.com/contribution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- These Email List Services are sponsored solely by Matronics and through the generous Contributions of its members.