---------------------------------------------------------- Europa-List Digest Archive --- Total Messages Posted Tue 05/12/15: 10 ---------------------------------------------------------- Today's Message Index: ---------------------- 1. 12:25 AM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (GTH) 2. 12:39 AM - Re: XTreme EMS from MGL Avionics (davidjoyce@doctors.org.uk) 3. 12:49 AM - Re: Grills on intakes (davidjoyce@doctors.org.uk) 4. 02:21 AM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (Brian Davies) 5. 02:37 AM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (Brian Davies) 6. 02:58 AM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (Timward) 7. 06:13 AM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (Brian Davies) 8. 01:06 PM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (George Nielsen) 9. 03:31 PM - Re: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff (GTH) 10. 03:33 PM - Re: Grills on intakes (rampil) ________________________________ Message 1 _____________________________________ Time: 12:25:13 AM PST US From: GTH Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Le 11/05/2015 19:38, JohnFrance a crit : > > Hi All, > During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in the cabin just after take off and while in the climb, it lasted about 2 minutes. > > I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice of several people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips catching fire than a bigger volume that has been heated up. John and all, Please allow me to chime in. - Considering the Rotax layout, no drip tray means some fuel *will* drip or leak direct onto the superheated exhaust pipes. So, I'd say *do reinstall the drip trays*. Whoever gave yout the advice you mentioned is not aware of the necessity to drain them with a fire resistant hose to a safe place under the airplane. No amount of fuel should be allowed to stand in the drip trays themselves. - The FWL should be gas tight, whatever the conditions under the cowl. So even with carbs flooding, no fumes should enter the cockpit. I suggest you perform a thorough check of the firewall, or at the very least do the "lamp-under-the-cowl" night test. FWIW, Best regards Gilles http://contrails.free.fr ________________________________ Message 2 _____________________________________ Time: 12:39:12 AM PST US From: davidjoyce@doctors.org.uk Subject: Re: Europa-List: XTreme EMS from MGL Avionics Stanislav, I have had one fitted and running nicely in my plane for 9 months, with no problems. The guy at the agents , Parts4aircraft also proved very knowledgeable and helpful during the fitting process. Regards, David Joyce, GXSDJ On 2015-05-12 06:22, Stanislav vec wrote: > Hi all, > > I would like to install the XTreme EMS from MGL Avionics for engine monitoring my Rotax 914 UL. > > But at the same time I am very afraid to do it. > > My friend, flyer and very good technician, had in his aircraft the Odyssey EFIS from this company. > > And he made a bitter experience. After 6 months never ending technical problems he gave up this device and bought the Dynon EFIS. And now, fully satisfied. > > His advice is - MGL products never more ! > > My goal is, to buy, to install and to fly. I have no time, no mental and economical power to solve bad device design etc. . > > But perhaps the situation by MGL is changing and perhaps the XTreme EMS is different from Odyssey, perhaps this device is trouble free. > > Please, is somebody here flying this engine monitor? > > Experiences and recommendations? > > Thanks very much for responses. > > Regards > > Stanislav > Links: ------ [1] http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Europa-List [2] http://forums.matronics.com [3] http://www.matronics.com/contribution ________________________________ Message 3 _____________________________________ Time: 12:49:50 AM PST US From: davidjoyce@doctors.org.uk Subject: Re: Europa-List: Grills on intakes Paul, Overheating issues are very common with most prop/unmodified cowling set ups, suggesting it is a bad idea to put anything in that will reducecooling air flow. Regards, David Joyce, GXSDJ On 2015-05-11 20:08, Paul & Vanessa Munford wrote: > Hi all, Just doing the cowlings,- any thoughts please on fitting the intakes with grills to prevent F.O.D or would this impair cooling ?? Thanx in advance for any ideas. Paul Munford kit 625 tri, 912ULS > Links: ------ [1] http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Europa-List [2] http://forums.matronics.com [3] http://www.matronics.com/contribution ________________________________ Message 4 _____________________________________ Time: 02:21:24 AM PST US From: "Brian Davies" Subject: RE: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Hi Gilles, I know it is good aero practice to have a gas tight FWL but on the Europa, with rudder cables passing through it, it is actually impossible to achieve. Also the external airflow from the engine area can attach to the lower fuselage and enter the flap slots. The air then moves forward through the tunnel and comes up through the control points. The flow is different between Mono and Trigear but the end result is fuel leaks "under the bonnet" can be detected in the cockpit. Regards Brian -----Original Message----- From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of GTH Sent: 12 May 2015 08:24 Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Le 11/05/2015 19:38, JohnFrance a crit : > > Hi All, > During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in the cabin just after take off and while in the climb, it lasted about 2 minutes. > > I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice of several people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips catching fire than a bigger volume that has been heated up. John and all, Please allow me to chime in. - Considering the Rotax layout, no drip tray means some fuel *will* drip or leak direct onto the superheated exhaust pipes. So, I'd say *do reinstall the drip trays*. Whoever gave yout the advice you mentioned is not aware of the necessity to drain them with a fire resistant hose to a safe place under the airplane. No amount of fuel should be allowed to stand in the drip trays themselves. - The FWL should be gas tight, whatever the conditions under the cowl. So even with carbs flooding, no fumes should enter the cockpit. I suggest you perform a thorough check of the firewall, or at the very least do the "lamp-under-the-cowl" night test. FWIW, Best regards Gilles http://contrails.free.fr ----- No virus found in this message. Checked by AVG - www.avg.com ________________________________ Message 5 _____________________________________ Time: 02:37:38 AM PST US From: "Brian Davies" Subject: RE: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Hi Tim, I thought it must be coming from the areas you suggest, based on the history of fuel smells in a Europa. I filled my tank until the cobra pipe was completely full and sat the aircraft on its tail (it is a Trigear) and left it for half an hour and then did a very detailed sniff/wipe/visual inspection of all of the pipe work. - no sign of a leak and no smell. I have the ally pipe in place of the rubber pipe joining the cobra to the tank. The only evidence of fuel leaks I have found are fuel stains below the small hole in the plenum chamber on the left side. I assumed that fuel was overflowing from the left carb float chamber vent pipe which goes into the plenum chamber and then out through the drain hole. This only makes sense when the engine is not running because I would have thought that, in flight, any overflow would be sucked into the carb intake but maybe I am wrong. Regards Brian -----Original Message----- From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Timward Sent: 11 May 2015 21:58 Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Hi all, You may well find it nothing to do with the engine. Look at the inlet fuel cobra pipe connection to the fuel cap, the rubber pipe from the cobra to the tank, and the connection between the rubber pipe and fuel tank. Also the condition of the rubber pipe. All have the potential to give off smells and on take off, with a full tank, the higher pitch attitude can do this. Kind regards, Tim Tim Ward 12 Waiwetu Street Fendalton, Christchurch, 8052 New Zealand. ward.t@xtra.co.nz Ph 64 3 3515166 Mob 0210640221 > On 12/05/2015, at 7:17 am, dpy01 wrote: > > > If you have recently dropped the fuel bowel check the gasket has seated correctly when you have reassembled. > > Are the floats, floating correct. See the service bulletin on sinking floats. > > There is a tool for checking that the float operated valve actually > has the correct pressure applied when the bowls are full and the > floats are floating > > Also the new mech pump is higher pressure and can overcome floats if not applying the right pressure on the fuel shutoff valve. > > Alan > iRMT > G-OBJT > > Sent from my iPhone > >> On 11 May 2015, at 19:22, Brian Davies wrote: >> >> --> >> >> Hi John, >> >> I have had almost the same problem on my aircraft (Trigear 912ULS). >> My fuel smell seems at its worst soon after take off and at initial >> throttIe- back at about 1000 ft. I thought I had narrowed it down to >> one of the carbs flooding after take off and changed the float >> needles to the latest type and the problem seemed to go away. Rotax >> have tried three different spring strengths for the float needles so >> there must be a problem they were trying to fix. The problem came >> back a few weeks ago so I am also interested in other reports of this problem. >> >> Regards >> >> Brian Davies. >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com >> [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of >> JohnFrance >> Sent: 11 May 2015 18:38 >> To: europa-list@matronics.com >> Subject: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after >> takeoff >> >> --> <77alembert@gmail.com> >> >> Hi All, >> During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in >> the cabin just after take off and while in the climb, it lasted about 2 minutes. >> >> I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice >> of several people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips >> catching fire than a bigger volume that has been heated up. >> >> One of the trays did have a horizontal ring around the inside like a >> tide mark. >> The float chambers of both carbs were cleaned and inspected as well >> as floats and pins for wear. The floats are not part of the various >> duffer series so I must admit I didn't weigh them. Perhaps I should have! >> Upon reassembly I pressurized the system and was particularly >> attentive to the starboard one that had the "tide mark" inside the tray. >> >> I don't have any proof of the origin of the smell but I made the link >> to a recent change that I have carried out. >> >> If anyone has any ideas how I might trace the problem or curative >> measures I would like to know? >> Best regards >> John >> >> -------- >> Europa mono Nr 192 >> >> >> >> >> Read this topic online here: >> >> http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=442016#442016 >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> >> ----- >> No virus found in this message. >> Checked by AVG - www.avg.com > > > > > ----- No virus found in this message. Checked by AVG - www.avg.com ________________________________ Message 6 _____________________________________ Time: 02:58:34 AM PST US From: Timward Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Brian, My fuel smell came from the Redux join between the cobra and the fuel inlet cap. After searching the possible engine fuel leaks including the one you have in the plenum chamber, I finally tracked it down to the fuel inlet seal with the cobra. Effectively the fuel was venting out the join, particularly noticeable on take off, as well as the normal fuel vent. Cheers, Tim Tim Ward 12 Waiwetu Street Fendalton, Christchurch, 8052 New Zealand. ward.t@xtra.co.nz Ph 64 3 3515166 Mob 0210640221 > On 12/05/2015, at 9:35 pm, Brian Davies wrote: > > > Hi Tim, > > I thought it must be coming from the areas you suggest, based on the history > of fuel smells in a Europa. I filled my tank until the cobra pipe was > completely full and sat the aircraft on its tail (it is a Trigear) and left > it for half an hour and then did a very detailed sniff/wipe/visual > inspection of all of the pipe work. - no sign of a leak and no smell. > > I have the ally pipe in place of the rubber pipe joining the cobra to the > tank. > > The only evidence of fuel leaks I have found are fuel stains below the small > hole in the plenum chamber on the left side. I assumed that fuel was > overflowing from the left carb float chamber vent pipe which goes into the > plenum chamber and then out through the drain hole. This only makes sense > when the engine is not running because I would have thought that, in flight, > any overflow would be sucked into the carb intake but maybe I am wrong. > > Regards > Brian > > -----Original Message----- > From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com > [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Timward > Sent: 11 May 2015 21:58 > To: europa-list@matronics.com > Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff > > > Hi all, > You may well find it nothing to do with the engine. > Look at the inlet fuel cobra pipe connection to the fuel cap, the rubber > pipe from the cobra to the tank, and the connection between the rubber pipe > and fuel tank. Also the condition of the rubber pipe. > All have the potential to give off smells and on take off, with a full tank, > the higher pitch attitude can do this. > > Kind regards, > > Tim > > > Tim Ward > 12 Waiwetu Street > Fendalton, > Christchurch, 8052 > New Zealand. > > ward.t@xtra.co.nz > > Ph 64 3 3515166 > Mob 0210640221 > > >> On 12/05/2015, at 7:17 am, dpy01 wrote: >> >> >> If you have recently dropped the fuel bowel check the gasket has seated > correctly when you have reassembled. >> >> Are the floats, floating correct. See the service bulletin on sinking > floats. >> >> There is a tool for checking that the float operated valve actually >> has the correct pressure applied when the bowls are full and the >> floats are floating >> >> Also the new mech pump is higher pressure and can overcome floats if not > applying the right pressure on the fuel shutoff valve. >> >> Alan >> iRMT >> G-OBJT >> >> Sent from my iPhone >> >>> On 11 May 2015, at 19:22, Brian Davies wrote: >>> >>> --> >>> >>> Hi John, >>> >>> I have had almost the same problem on my aircraft (Trigear 912ULS). >>> My fuel smell seems at its worst soon after take off and at initial >>> throttIe- back at about 1000 ft. I thought I had narrowed it down to >>> one of the carbs flooding after take off and changed the float >>> needles to the latest type and the problem seemed to go away. Rotax >>> have tried three different spring strengths for the float needles so >>> there must be a problem they were trying to fix. The problem came >>> back a few weeks ago so I am also interested in other reports of this > problem. >>> >>> Regards >>> >>> Brian Davies. >>> >>> -----Original Message----- >>> From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com >>> [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of >>> JohnFrance >>> Sent: 11 May 2015 18:38 >>> To: europa-list@matronics.com >>> Subject: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after >>> takeoff >>> >>> --> <77alembert@gmail.com> >>> >>> Hi All, >>> During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in >>> the cabin just after take off and while in the climb, it lasted about 2 > minutes. >>> >>> I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice >>> of several people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips >>> catching fire than a bigger volume that has been heated up. >>> >>> One of the trays did have a horizontal ring around the inside like a >>> tide mark. >>> The float chambers of both carbs were cleaned and inspected as well >>> as floats and pins for wear. The floats are not part of the various >>> duffer series so I must admit I didn't weigh them. Perhaps I should have! >>> Upon reassembly I pressurized the system and was particularly >>> attentive to the starboard one that had the "tide mark" inside the tray. >>> >>> I don't have any proof of the origin of the smell but I made the link >>> to a recent change that I have carried out. >>> >>> If anyone has any ideas how I might trace the problem or curative >>> measures I would like to know? >>> Best regards >>> John >>> >>> -------- >>> Europa mono Nr 192 >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> Read this topic online here: >>> >>> http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=442016#442016 >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> ----- >>> No virus found in this message. >>> Checked by AVG - www.avg.com > > > > > > > > ----- > No virus found in this message. > Checked by AVG - www.avg.com > > > > > ________________________________ Message 7 _____________________________________ Time: 06:13:40 AM PST US From: "Brian Davies" Subject: RE: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Thanks Tim, I will check that again. I did have a small leak from there after initial build and resealed it but maybe somethings moved. Regards Brian -----Original Message----- From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Timward Sent: 12 May 2015 10:58 Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Brian, My fuel smell came from the Redux join between the cobra and the fuel inlet cap. After searching the possible engine fuel leaks including the one you have in the plenum chamber, I finally tracked it down to the fuel inlet seal with the cobra. Effectively the fuel was venting out the join, particularly noticeable on take off, as well as the normal fuel vent. Cheers, Tim Tim Ward 12 Waiwetu Street Fendalton, Christchurch, 8052 New Zealand. ward.t@xtra.co.nz Ph 64 3 3515166 Mob 0210640221 > On 12/05/2015, at 9:35 pm, Brian Davies wrote: > > --> > > Hi Tim, > > I thought it must be coming from the areas you suggest, based on the > history of fuel smells in a Europa. I filled my tank until the cobra > pipe was completely full and sat the aircraft on its tail (it is a > Trigear) and left it for half an hour and then did a very detailed > sniff/wipe/visual inspection of all of the pipe work. - no sign of a leak and no smell. > > I have the ally pipe in place of the rubber pipe joining the cobra to > the tank. > > The only evidence of fuel leaks I have found are fuel stains below the > small hole in the plenum chamber on the left side. I assumed that > fuel was overflowing from the left carb float chamber vent pipe which > goes into the plenum chamber and then out through the drain hole. > This only makes sense when the engine is not running because I would > have thought that, in flight, any overflow would be sucked into the carb intake but maybe I am wrong. > > Regards > Brian > > -----Original Message----- > From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com > [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Timward > Sent: 11 May 2015 21:58 > To: europa-list@matronics.com > Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after > takeoff > > > Hi all, > You may well find it nothing to do with the engine. > Look at the inlet fuel cobra pipe connection to the fuel cap, the > rubber pipe from the cobra to the tank, and the connection between the > rubber pipe and fuel tank. Also the condition of the rubber pipe. > All have the potential to give off smells and on take off, with a full > tank, the higher pitch attitude can do this. > > Kind regards, > > Tim > > > Tim Ward > 12 Waiwetu Street > Fendalton, > Christchurch, 8052 > New Zealand. > > ward.t@xtra.co.nz > > Ph 64 3 3515166 > Mob 0210640221 > > >> On 12/05/2015, at 7:17 am, dpy01 wrote: >> >> >> If you have recently dropped the fuel bowel check the gasket has >> seated > correctly when you have reassembled. >> >> Are the floats, floating correct. See the service bulletin on sinking > floats. >> >> There is a tool for checking that the float operated valve actually >> has the correct pressure applied when the bowls are full and the >> floats are floating >> >> Also the new mech pump is higher pressure and can overcome floats if >> not > applying the right pressure on the fuel shutoff valve. >> >> Alan >> iRMT >> G-OBJT >> >> Sent from my iPhone >> >>> On 11 May 2015, at 19:22, Brian Davies wrote: >>> >>> --> >>> >>> Hi John, >>> >>> I have had almost the same problem on my aircraft (Trigear 912ULS). >>> My fuel smell seems at its worst soon after take off and at initial >>> throttIe- back at about 1000 ft. I thought I had narrowed it down >>> to one of the carbs flooding after take off and changed the float >>> needles to the latest type and the problem seemed to go away. Rotax >>> have tried three different spring strengths for the float needles so >>> there must be a problem they were trying to fix. The problem came >>> back a few weeks ago so I am also interested in other reports of >>> this > problem. >>> >>> Regards >>> >>> Brian Davies. >>> >>> -----Original Message----- >>> From: owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com >>> [mailto:owner-europa-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of >>> JohnFrance >>> Sent: 11 May 2015 18:38 >>> To: europa-list@matronics.com >>> Subject: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after >>> takeoff >>> >>> --> <77alembert@gmail.com> >>> >>> Hi All, >>> During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in >>> the cabin just after take off and while in the climb, it lasted >>> about 2 > minutes. >>> >>> I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice >>> of several people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips >>> catching fire than a bigger volume that has been heated up. >>> >>> One of the trays did have a horizontal ring around the inside like a >>> tide mark. >>> The float chambers of both carbs were cleaned and inspected as well >>> as floats and pins for wear. The floats are not part of the various >>> duffer series so I must admit I didn't weigh them. Perhaps I should have! >>> Upon reassembly I pressurized the system and was particularly >>> attentive to the starboard one that had the "tide mark" inside the tray. >>> >>> I don't have any proof of the origin of the smell but I made the >>> link to a recent change that I have carried out. >>> >>> If anyone has any ideas how I might trace the problem or curative >>> measures I would like to know? >>> Best regards >>> John >>> >>> -------- >>> Europa mono Nr 192 >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> Read this topic online here: >>> >>> http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=442016#442016 >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> ----- >>> No virus found in this message. >>> Checked by AVG - www.avg.com > > > > > > > > ----- > No virus found in this message. > Checked by AVG - www.avg.com > > > > > ----- No virus found in this message. Checked by AVG - www.avg.com ________________________________ Message 8 _____________________________________ Time: 01:06:33 PM PST US From: George Nielsen Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff John, This reminds me that I had a smell of petrol in my cockpit when parked in the hangar. I eventually noticed that there was a fuel tank leak. Recently I sealed it. I will see if the smell has disappeared. Perhaps there is a leak in your fuel tank in a place above the fuel level when parked but below the fuel level when taking off and climbing. It is not clear to me if your Europa is a monowheel, a tailwheel or a nosewheel version. Perhaps you could check if there are leaks in the fuel tank at a place which would be above the fuel level when parked but below when taking off and climbing. Good luck with this. George On 12/05/2015 09:03, Europa-List Digest Server wrote: > Time: 10:39:05 AM PST US > Subject: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff > From: "JohnFrance" <77alembert@gmail.com> > > > Hi All, > During a flight yesterday I had a fairly strong smell of petrol in the cabin just > after take off and while in the climb, it lasted about 2 minutes. > > I recently removed the drip trays from under the carbs on the advice of several > people. Their view was, it's better to have a few drips catching fire than a > bigger volume that has been heated up. > > One of the trays did have a horizontal ring around the inside like a tide mark. > The float chambers of both carbs were cleaned and inspected as well as floats and > pins for wear. The floats are not part of the various duffer series so I must > admit I didn't weigh them. Perhaps I should have! > Upon reassembly I pressurized the system and was particularly attentive to the > starboard one that had the "tide mark" inside the tray. > > I don't have any proof of the origin of the smell but I made the link to a recent > change that I have carried out. > > If anyone has any ideas how I might trace the problem or curative measures I would > like to know? > Best regards > John > ________________________________ Message 9 _____________________________________ Time: 03:31:45 PM PST US From: GTH Subject: Re: Europa-List: Smell of petrol in the cocpit just after takeoff Brian, Thank you for the information. > I know it is good aero practice to have a gas tight FWL but on the Europa, > with rudder cables passing through it, it is actually impossible to achieve. I would have thought that it could be easily addressed with leather bellows, like on vintage aircraft. > Also the external airflow from the engine area can attach to the lower > fuselage and enter the flap slots. This one beats me, but when there is a will there is a way... Best regards, Gilles http://contrails.free.fr ________________________________ Message 10 ____________________________________ Time: 03:33:05 PM PST US Subject: Europa-List: Re: Grills on intakes From: "rampil" Paul, You did not specify which intakes on the cowl. Nonetheless, adding resistance to any of them is not a good idea in my opinion, short of a detailed CFD analysis to demonstrate adequate airflow, heat transfer and minimal parasitic airframe drag. Have you ever seen them in other aircraft? -------- Ira N224XS Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=442067#442067 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Matronics Email List Services ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Post A New Message europa-list@matronics.com UN/SUBSCRIBE http://www.matronics.com/subscription List FAQ http://www.matronics.com/FAQ/Europa-List.htm Web Forum Interface To Lists http://forums.matronics.com Matronics List Wiki http://wiki.matronics.com Full Archive Search Engine http://www.matronics.com/search 7-Day List Browse http://www.matronics.com/browse/europa-list Browse Digests http://www.matronics.com/digest/europa-list Browse Other Lists http://www.matronics.com/browse Live Online Chat! http://www.matronics.com/chat Archive Downloading http://www.matronics.com/archives Photo Share http://www.matronics.com/photoshare Other Email Lists http://www.matronics.com/emaillists Contributions http://www.matronics.com/contribution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- These Email List Services are sponsored solely by Matronics and through the generous Contributions of its members.