---------------------------------------------------------- Kolb-List Digest Archive --- Total Messages Posted Sat 04/19/08: 18 ---------------------------------------------------------- Today's Message Index: ---------------------- 1. 03:12 AM - Re: Re: decarbon check advice (Jimmy Young) 2. 03:17 AM - Re: expert in everything (pj.ladd) 3. 04:04 AM - Re: Re: Acme Gravity Catapult (pj.ladd) 4. 09:51 AM - Re: expert in everything (lucien) 5. 10:34 AM - Re: Kolb-list 2008 MV Photo Contest (TheWanderingWench) 6. 12:02 PM - Re: Firestar Project (chris davis) 7. 12:18 PM - Re: Re: expert in everything (N27SB@aol.com) 8. 01:50 PM - Re: Homer Kolb (David Lucas) 9. 01:58 PM - Re: Re: expert in everything (John Hauck) 10. 02:01 PM - Re: tail feathers (Thom Riddle) 11. 02:09 PM - Re: expert in everything (Thom Riddle) 12. 03:02 PM - Re: Re: Homer Kolb (robert bean) 13. 04:01 PM - Re: Re: expert in everything (TheWanderingWench) 14. 05:32 PM - Re: Re: expert in everything (Russ Kinne) 15. 07:41 PM - Re: expert in everything (JetPilot) 16. 07:54 PM - Re: Homer Kolb (JetPilot) 17. 08:19 PM - MV Photo Contest (John Hauck) 18. 10:26 PM - Re: expert in everything (lucien) ________________________________ Message 1 _____________________________________ Time: 03:12:28 AM PST US From: "Jimmy Young" Subject: Kolb-List: Re: Re: decarbon check advice Lucien, Gary, & Possums- My engine has 190 hrs., oil injected, & elect. start (someone asked). I do have movement on the rings and oil flows when they are pressed, so I'm calling it good. Thanks for the tips. I'm going to a 2-stroke engine class early in May at S. Miss. Light Aircraft, hopefully will learn most of what I'll need to know. Jimmy Young FS II, 503 DCDI Houston ________________________________ Message 2 _____________________________________ Time: 03:17:02 AM PST US From: "pj.ladd" Subject: Re: Kolb-List: expert in everything Of course, Murphy may have something to say about!>> Hi John, have you seen the clip on Youtube of the chute deploying just as a weightshift leaves the ground? Enough to make you wonder. Chutes are almost non existant over here. I used to have one on my old Thruster but didn`t continue when I swithched to the Challenger. I don`t think I have ever seen one fitted in the UK. On the other hand I believe that they are mandatory in Germany. Cheers Pat ________________________________ Message 3 _____________________________________ Time: 04:04:11 AM PST US From: "pj.ladd" Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: Acme Gravity Catapult If, on approach, the trash can lid appears above the corrugated roofing iron then your ' too low' on profile a!pproach. This reminded me of my `flight` in a 737 simulator. I was supposed to be landing at very late evening in poor visibility at Gatwick and there was an arrangement of three lights one above the other at the left of the runway. These in combination indicated the glideslope. I was doing reasonably well although the `flight` illusion was complete and I was sweating like a bull as I thought of the consequences of a crashing an airliner and killing all those passengers. I had the lights all lined up and was on track for a spot on landing when I glanced at the instruments and fouind that I was at 400 feet with 5 miles to run (those are probably not the correct figures) To someone whose usual landing technique is turn left at the elm tree, one notch of flap and close the throttle that was mindblowing. I totally lost my nerve, yanked back the control column and hit full throttle. We landed in a nerve shattering crash on the end of the runway with the whole sim shaking like a rat in a terriers jaws. I was astonished to find later that in spite of landing the plane in a heap I scored the best landing. Out of 8 participants I was the only one to hit the runway at all. When the hostess comes around your flight asking if anyone can fly a plane because the crew are all dead from food poisoning, keep your mouth shut. Cheers Pat ________________________________ Message 4 _____________________________________ Time: 09:51:32 AM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything From: "lucien" pj.ladd(at)btinternet.com wrote: > Of course, Murphy may have something to say about!>> > > Hi John, > > have you seen the clip on Youtube of the chute deploying just as a > weightshift leaves the ground? Enough to make you wonder. > > Chutes are almost non existant over here. I used to have one on my old > Thruster but didn`t continue when I swithched to the Challenger. I don`t > think I have ever seen one fitted in the UK. On the other hand I believe > that they are mandatory in Germany. > > Cheers > > Pat My .02 on the chute, The biggest con of the chute is what the original poster alluded to - actual deployment and descent to the ground can't be actually practiced in the air. The lifeblood of emergency procedures is actual practice of them in the air in the airplane. Engine-outs, unusual attitudes and so forth; all of these we can go up in the airplane and practice under actual conditions. Emergency procedures that can't be practiced or even simulated to any degree aren't worth very much - as we know in an actual emergency training takes priority over thinking the situation through. So I personally don't see a large value to fitting the ballistic chutes to our planes, particularly to good designs like the ones we fly. There is a remote possibility that the chute could save your life in a very extreme circumstance, but because of the very small likelihood of encountering such a situation, I personally don't think it's worth 3000 bucks. 3000 bucks will buy lots of maintenance items, as well as gas for practicing flying the plane in more "simulatable" emergency scenarios like engine-outs and such. Again, JMHO, LS -------- LS FS II Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177854#177854 ________________________________ Message 5 _____________________________________ Time: 10:34:32 AM PST US From: TheWanderingWench Subject: Kolb-List: Re: Kolb-list 2008 MV Photo Contest --- Jon LaVasseur wrote: > I probably shouldn't enter the attach photos in > the contest because I didn't actually take them. > They were taken by Arty Trost at MV in 2007. > John W, if I win the $10,000.00 first prize, I'll > share it with Arty. > > Jon L WOW! I almost hope Jon wins the first prize. BUT - if the judges aren't prejudiced because this shot is of my Drifter :>) at the 2006 disorganized MV fly-in, then I'll have to share the prize money with Doug Nelsen, who took this photo. Wish I was going to be there this year, but I won't. I'll have to depend on the Cottrells, John Williamson & John Hauck to bring lots of good photos back to the Rock House. Arty Trost Maxair Drifter Sandy, Oregon www.LessonsFromTheEdge.com "Life's a daring adventure or nothing" Helen Keller "I refuse to tip toe through life just to arrive safely at death." ________________________________ Message 6 _____________________________________ Time: 12:02:22 PM PST US From: chris davis Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Firestar Project Dave , I dont know if we have met but I am an experienced Kolb pilot who also lives in O'Brien Fl. for about 3months a year . 22004 117Th drive ,and I am building a new Firefly in my New Quonset hut Hanger . Good advice you gave that guy but if he cant find a two place ultralight to get time in I recommend he get some time in a Switzer 233 a glider really teaches what Flight is all about . Chris ----- Original Message ---- From: "BMWBikeCrz@aol.com" Sent: Friday, April 18, 2008 9:35:37 AM Subject: Kolb-List: Firestar Project WE have a fairly new Kolb Owner in O'Brian Fl Very High Time Navy Pilot ... First Kolb Flight was a real White Knuckle Experiance for him ! Have Your Brother In Law Get Some Dual in a taildragger Ultralight FIRST !!! How do I know this ... "Personal Experiance" Dave ************** Need a new ride? Check out the largest site for U.S. used car listings at AOL Autos. (http://autos.aol.com/used?NCID=aolcmp00300000002851) Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ ________________________________ Message 7 _____________________________________ Time: 12:18:14 PM PST US From: N27SB@aol.com Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything Nice thought, certianly something to think about as you watch the houses on the ground get bigger. But seriously, you are forgetting the rest of the formula. I fly sans windshield. If I take a bird in the face the plane may be perfectly functional but I might be flying blind. No way to land that sucker. There are other situations when a chute would help of which an engine out is not on my list. There was an excrllent article a few years ago in Sport Pilot. Steve FF #007/floats FF #040/floats SnF 2008 UL Grand Champ In a message dated 4/19/2008 12:52:04 P.M. Eastern Standard Time, lstavenhagen@hotmail.com writes: So I personally don't see a large value to fitting the ballistic chutes to our planes, particularly to good designs like the ones we fly. There is a remote possibility that the chute could save your life in a very extreme circumstance, but because of the very small likelihood of encountering such a situation, I personally don't think it's worth 3000 bucks. 3000 bucks will buy lots of maintenance items, as well as gas for practicing flying the plane in more "simulatable" emergency scenarios like engine-outs and such. Again, JMHO, LS **************Need a new ride? Check out the largest site for U.S. used car listings at AOL Autos. (http://autos.aol.com/used?NCID=aolcmp00300000002851) ________________________________ Message 8 _____________________________________ Time: 01:50:15 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: Homer Kolb From: "David Lucas" If twin engines pose a classification problem, how about a single engine driving two props ? David. Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177875#177875 Attachments: http://forums.matronics.com//files/april07_026a_165.jpg ________________________________ Message 9 _____________________________________ Time: 01:58:41 PM PST US From: "John Hauck" Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything > My .02 on the chute, > > The biggest con of the chute is what the original poster alluded to - > actual deployment and descent to the ground can't be actually practiced in > the air. > > The lifeblood of emergency procedures is actual practice of them in the > air in the airplane. Engine-outs, unusual attitudes and so forth; all of > these we can go up in the airplane and practice under actual conditions. > > Emergency procedures that can't be practiced or even simulated to any > degree aren't worth very much - as we know in an actual emergency training > takes priority over thinking the situation through. > > So I personally don't see a large value to fitting the ballistic chutes to > our planes, particularly to good designs like the ones we fly. There is a > remote possibility that the chute could save your life in a very extreme > circumstance, but because of the very small likelihood of encountering > such a situation, I personally don't think it's worth 3000 bucks. > > 3000 bucks will buy lots of maintenance items, as well as gas for > practicing flying the plane in more "simulatable" emergency scenarios like > engine-outs and such. > > Again, JMHO, > > LS Lucien: Anyone that can fly a Kolb can land it in an emergency situation without power. Of course, parachutes are not for that type emergency. My first save was a catastrophic failure of the upper aileron bell crank in my US, October 1985. Before the use of my parachute for the first time, my attitude was much the same as yours. I can handle the situation, plus this is a factory welded kit and it has never happened before. Guess I was a little wrong in that respect, but right in having another way to save my life. Kolbs do not fly long without aileron control. Second catastrophic failure was even more of a surprise than the first. Failure of leading edges of both wings on my FS 4.5 years later. Sure, I flew aerobatics in the FS, as well as the US. However, all within the authorized stress envelope of the aircraft. The wing was the last thing we ever thought would fail. Without the same old Handbury parachute, my flying career would have been permanently ended March 1990. We don't need to actually practice parachute deployment in the air to receive valuable familiarization and training. It can be done in the cockpit of the airplane. Know how to grab and pull the handle with your eyes closed without thinking about it. When the time comes to use it, do not hesitate. Time is altitude. Altitude is safety. No matter what altitude, use it if you are no longer in control of the aircraft. To think there is not a catastrophic failure in the future of your Kolb or any other aircraft is pretty naive. Even though the odds of ever using a parachute in a catastrophic event are pretty damn slim, when the time comes to use one and you felt it was too expensive to purchase, and you don't have one, will probably really piss you off. Don't worry about screaming all the way to the ground, you'll be so damn scared no sounds will be emitted. If you are like me, you are thinking, "I don't believe this is happening to me." and "Damn, I don't believe this is happening to me again." I have hauled an expensive piece of equipment with me for nearly 3,000 hours, and have not needed it. If that 10 cent 3/16 bolt on the bottom flying wires breaks, or the nut comes off, I have a way to offset the problem. Take care, john h mkIII PS: No matter how reliable your aircraft, a midair will ruin your day, with or without a parachute. Could possibly save your life though. ________________________________ Message 10 ____________________________________ Time: 02:01:24 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: tail feathers From: "Thom Riddle" The tail wires have a single function and purpose. They hold the vertical and horizontal stabilizers in constant relative position, so that don't flap like bird wings. The wires should be tight enough to perform this function without any wobble and no tighter, for reasons already expressed by others. -------- Thom Riddle N221FA Allegro 2000 912UL N197BG FS1/447 -------------------- Believe nothing, no matter where you read it or who has said it, not even if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and your own common sense. - Buddha Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177876#177876 ________________________________ Message 11 ____________________________________ Time: 02:09:45 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything From: "Thom Riddle" A good alternative to mortar powered chutes are the ones made and sold by these folks in BC, Canada. http://www.ultralight.ca/recovery/default1.htm They have a lot of good accessory products and at one time also made the GSC System wooden props. I understand they sold the prop business to one of their ex-employees who now runs it. I had their mechanically actuated in-flight adjustable prop on my Tornado. Very good prop in my experience. -------- Thom Riddle N221FA Allegro 2000 912UL N197BG FS1/447 -------------------- Believe nothing, no matter where you read it or who has said it, not even if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and your own common sense. - Buddha Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177879#177879 ________________________________ Message 12 ____________________________________ Time: 03:02:32 PM PST US From: robert bean Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: Homer Kolb Interesting. That would take care of some harmonic issues and clear a more properly located boom tube, On the downside is added weight and maintenance. BB, suzi powered MkIII, back at work on the most recent mod. Too hot outside but nice in the cave. do not archive On 19, Apr 2008, at 4:47 PM, David Lucas wrote: > > If twin engines pose a classification problem, how about a single > engine driving two props ? > > David. > > > Read this topic online here: > > http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177875#177875 > > > Attachments: > > http://forums.matronics.com//files/april07_026a_165.jpg > > ________________________________ Message 13 ____________________________________ Time: 04:01:22 PM PST US From: TheWanderingWench Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything Lucien, I disagree with your statement "Emergency procedures that can't be practiced or even simulated to any degree aren't worth very much." (In relation to the value of a parachute.) A friend of mine had structural failure on his Tierra ultralight when flying @ 1500' AGL and pulled the handle of his BRS chute. He had never "practiced" - but he had no trouble in getting the parachute to launch. Came down on the tail with no injury to himself - just scared to death. It made me a believer in emergency chutes. Just another form of insurance, which I hope I'll never have to use. Since I'm pretty small - I have only 15 lbs. over the much-written about 90 lb. weakling! - I've often wondered if I'd have the strength to pull the handle and launch the chute on my Drifter. But it's way too expensive for me to try it out, and friends have assured me that the adrenalin rush will give me the strength of 10 when it comes to pulling that handle! Arty Trost Maxair Drifter Sandy, Oregon > > My .02 on the chute, > > > > The biggest con of the chute is what the original > poster alluded to - > > actual deployment and descent to the ground can't > be actually practiced in > > the air. > > > > The lifeblood of emergency procedures is actual > practice of them in the > > air in the airplane. Engine-outs, unusual > attitudes and so forth; all of > > these we can go up in the airplane and practice > under actual conditions. > > > > Emergency procedures that can't be practiced or > even simulated to any > > degree aren't worth very much - as we know in an > actual emergency training > > takes priority over thinking the situation > through. > > > > So I personally don't see a large value to fitting > the ballistic chutes to > > our planes, particularly to good designs like the > ones we fly. There is a > > remote possibility that the chute could save your > life in a very extreme > > circumstance, but because of the very small > likelihood of encountering > > such a situation, I personally don't think it's > worth 3000 bucks. > > > > 3000 bucks will buy lots of maintenance items, as > well as gas for > > practicing flying the plane in more "simulatable" > emergency scenarios like > > engine-outs and such. > > > > Again, JMHO, > > > > LS > > Lucien: > > Anyone that can fly a Kolb can land it in an > emergency situation without > power. Of course, parachutes are not for that type > emergency. > > My first save was a catastrophic failure of the > upper aileron bell crank in > my US, October 1985. Before the use of my parachute > for the first time, my > attitude was much the same as yours. I can handle > the situation, plus this > is a factory welded kit and it has never happened > before. Guess I was a > little wrong in that respect, but right in having > another way to save my > life. Kolbs do not fly long without aileron > control. > > Second catastrophic failure was even more of a > surprise than the first. > Failure of leading edges of both wings on my FS 4.5 > years later. Sure, I > flew aerobatics in the FS, as well as the US. > However, all within the > authorized stress envelope of the aircraft. The > wing was the last thing we > ever thought would fail. Without the same old > Handbury parachute, my flying > career would have been permanently ended March 1990. > > We don't need to actually practice parachute > deployment in the air to > receive valuable familiarization and training. It > can be done in the > cockpit of the airplane. Know how to grab and pull > the handle with your > eyes closed without thinking about it. When the > time comes to use it, do > not hesitate. Time is altitude. Altitude is safety. > No matter what > altitude, use it if you are no longer in control of > the aircraft. > > To think there is not a catastrophic failure in the > future of your Kolb or > any other aircraft is pretty naive. > > Even though the odds of ever using a parachute in a > catastrophic event are > pretty damn slim, when the time comes to use one and > you felt it was too > expensive to purchase, and you don't have one, will > probably really piss you > off. Don't worry about screaming all the way to the > ground, you'll be so > damn scared no sounds will be emitted. If you are > like me, you are > thinking, "I don't believe this is happening to me." > and "Damn, I don't > believe this is happening to me again." > > I have hauled an expensive piece of equipment with > me for nearly 3,000 > hours, and have not needed it. > > If that 10 cent 3/16 bolt on the bottom flying wires > breaks, or the nut > comes off, I have a way to offset the problem. > > Take care, > > john h > mkIII > > PS: No matter how reliable your aircraft, a midair > will ruin your day, with > or without a parachute. Could possibly save your > life though. > > > > browse > Un/Subscription, > FAQ, > http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?Kolb-List > > Forums! > > Admin. > > > > > www.LessonsFromTheEdge.com "Life's a daring adventure or nothing" Helen Keller "I refuse to tip toe through life just to arrive safely at death." ________________________________ Message 14 ____________________________________ Time: 05:32:41 PM PST US From: Russ Kinne Subject: Re: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything LUCIEN DON'T KNOW ABOUT YOU BUT MY LIFE IS WORTH A LOT MORE THAN A MEASLY 3000 BUCKS. IF I CAN HAVE A RESCUE CHUTE ON ANYTHING I FLY, I'LL BLOODY WELL HAVE IT. COUNT ON IT I'M DETERMINED TO LIVE AS LONG AS I CAN. YOU DO WHATEVER YOU WANT do not archive On Apr 19, 2008, at 12:48 PM, lucien wrote: > > > pj.ladd(at)btinternet.com wrote: >> Of course, Murphy may have something to say about!>> >> >> Hi John, >> >> have you seen the clip on Youtube of the chute deploying just as a >> weightshift leaves the ground? Enough to make you wonder. >> >> Chutes are almost non existant over here. I used to have one on my >> old >> Thruster but didn`t continue when I swithched to the Challenger. I >> don`t >> think I have ever seen one fitted in the UK. On the other hand I >> believe >> that they are mandatory in Germany. >> >> Cheers >> >> Pat > > > My .02 on the chute, > > The biggest con of the chute is what the original poster alluded to > - actual deployment and descent to the ground can't be actually > practiced in the air. > > The lifeblood of emergency procedures is actual practice of them in > the air in the airplane. Engine-outs, unusual attitudes and so > forth; all of these we can go up in the airplane and practice under > actual conditions. > > Emergency procedures that can't be practiced or even simulated to > any degree aren't worth very much - as we know in an actual > emergency training takes priority over thinking the situation through. > > So I personally don't see a large value to fitting the ballistic > chutes to our planes, particularly to good designs like the ones we > fly. There is a remote possibility that the chute could save your > life in a very extreme circumstance, but because of the very small > likelihood of encountering such a situation, I personally don't > think it's worth 3000 bucks. > > 3000 bucks will buy lots of maintenance items, as well as gas for > practicing flying the plane in more "simulatable" emergency > scenarios like engine-outs and such. > > Again, JMHO, > > LS > > -------- > LS > FS II > > > Read this topic online here: > > http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177854#177854 > > ________________________________ Message 15 ____________________________________ Time: 07:41:13 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything From: "JetPilot" Lucien, You beliefs about parachutes and emergencies are very misguided. Emergency procedure like engine out landings are complicated with a lot of variables and must be practiced to be done correctly. Stall / Spin recovery also requires skill and technique that should be practiced. Pulling a handle on a chute is not something that needs to be practiced to be done successfully. Pull the handle and it comes out, not a lot of skill involved. The chute is going to deploy by itself once the handle is pulled, the technique I use to pull pull that handle, how hard or how fast I am going to pull the handle is not going to change a damn thing, the chute come out the same... BRS Chutes have been a huge success in Cirrus aircraft. There are also over 200 saves listed on: http://www.brsparachutes.com/files/Documents/Lives-Saved.pdf If someone is unable to grasp the concept of pulling a big red handle just because there is no way to practice it, they should probably not be flying. Mike -------- "NO FEAR" - If you have no fear you did not go as fast as you could have !!! Kolb MK-III Xtra, 912-S Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177925#177925 ________________________________ Message 16 ____________________________________ Time: 07:54:25 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: Homer Kolb From: "JetPilot" David Lucas wrote: > If twin engines pose a classification problem, how about a single engine driving two props ? > > David. There is always someone out there that will try something very stupid, and driving 2 props with a single engine is definitely one of them. It just adds complication, and increases chances of failures, while offering no safety advantage. The whole idea of twin engines is to be able to fly the plane if one engine quits, even if the second engine results in an extended glide, you have something... With a single engine and two props, you have every disadvantage of complication, and asymmetrical thrust and with no advantage of two engines. Mike -------- "NO FEAR" - If you have no fear you did not go as fast as you could have !!! Kolb MK-III Xtra, 912-S Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177928#177928 ________________________________ Message 17 ____________________________________ Time: 08:19:18 PM PST US From: "John Hauck" Subject: Kolb-List: MV Photo Contest I was rummaging through my files and found this one of MV. Do not know what year, but it was taken from my MKIII by me. johnh mkIII ________________________________ Message 18 ____________________________________ Time: 10:26:31 PM PST US Subject: Kolb-List: Re: expert in everything From: "lucien" JetPilot wrote: > Lucien, > > You beliefs about parachutes and emergencies are very misguided. > > If someone is unable to grasp the concept of pulling a big red handle just because there is no way to practice it, they should probably not be flying. > > Mike Heh... I usually get hate mail when I mention my viewpoint on the chutes, this time followed suit nicely.... As for the ongoing discussion of the chute, I'm going to stop at this point to avoid the inevitable jousting that will surely break out. Instead, I'll refer anyone interested to the yahoo groups, such as Fly-UL, where there have been very extensive threads on the pros and cons of the ballistic chutes. Most of them eventually got out of hand and the end, but still contain lots of valuable reasoning on both sides. LS -------- LS FS II Read this topic online here: http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=177940#177940 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Matronics Email List Services ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Post A New Message kolb-list@matronics.com UN/SUBSCRIBE http://www.matronics.com/subscription List FAQ http://www.matronics.com/FAQ/Kolb-List.htm Web Forum Interface To Lists http://forums.matronics.com Matronics List Wiki http://wiki.matronics.com Full Archive Search Engine http://www.matronics.com/search 7-Day List Browse http://www.matronics.com/browse/kolb-list Browse Digests http://www.matronics.com/digest/kolb-list Browse Other Lists http://www.matronics.com/browse Live Online Chat! http://www.matronics.com/chat Archive Downloading http://www.matronics.com/archives Photo Share http://www.matronics.com/photoshare Other Email Lists http://www.matronics.com/emaillists Contributions http://www.matronics.com/contribution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- These Email List Services are sponsored solely by Matronics and through the generous Contributions of its members.