Today's Message Index:
----------------------
1. 09:32 AM - Re: Erratic voltage output (FLYaDIVE)
2. 10:21 AM - Re: Erratic voltage output (rayj)
3. 02:46 PM - Daul Mags on the 914 (Alan Carter)
4. 04:08 PM - Re: Daul Mags on the 914 (FLYaDIVE)
5. 04:23 PM - Re: Daul Mags on the 914 (Alan Carter)
6. 05:58 PM - Re: Daul Mags on the 914 (ploucandco)
7. 09:08 PM - Re: Erratic voltage output (paul)
Message 1
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Erratic voltage output |
1. Paul:
I just read your post and something caught my eye: "I made up another
ground wire with soldered wire ends and waterproof shrink tubing."
You should NOT solder the wire ends. You should ONLY CRIMP them.
Soldering creates what is know as a HARDPOINT and causes the wire to fail
due to vibration, right at the END point of the solder to wire connection.
Now, to contradict what I just said: I have a method of soldering that is
Perfectly Acceptable. The steps are:
1. Clean the wire
2. CRIMP on the lug
3. Using SILVER SOLDER - Solder ONLY - ONLY - ONLY - The END of the wire
next to the ring lug. DO NOT keep the heat on the wire for a long time.
Only enough time to get a flow of solder between the wire and the lug.
If
you apply too much heat and too much time the solder will WICK down the
wire and create a HARDPOINT.
4. By doing it my way you create a GREAT Mechanical and Electrical
connection.
5. After soldering the connection CLEAN the connection with alcohol to
remove any flux.
6. I have been doing this for years and NEVER had a failure either
mechanically or electrically.
ALSO:
- Do NOT use SPADE crimp on connectors. Use RING crimp on connectors.
- Why? #1 they are NOT approved via AC 43-13. #2 They have a built in
design failure point... the SPADE!
ALSO #2:
1. Your statement: "so additionally we ran a 10ga copper wire from the
base lug on the voltage regulator to the negative terminal connecting st
ud
at the battery/airframe. " You also have to run that SAME wire to the
airframe [Airframe Ground].
2. Do not rely on a single ground point to do everything.
I just posted an in depth How To with Explanations. Take the time to read
and understand what I wrote. If you have questions PLEASE post them, I
will be happy to explain.
*Barry*
On Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 2:09 AM, Paul Grimstad <paul@controlapproach.com>wr
ote:
> We have been experiencing wild fluctuations on the amperage meter, runnin
g
> a 912uls with Dynon 180 EFIS engine monitor. The spikes range from +5 to
> -6. Voltage is also high (high 13=92s), but then it seems to settle down
> after takeoff. I thought the high voltage maybe because we just installed
a
> new battery.****
>
> We also just installed a new voltage regulator and when we grounded the
> plane and took a look at the condition we found the two power leads going
> into the regulator were completely melted and the heat was starting to me
lt
> the plastic mounting socket on the Ducati voltage regulator. We replaced
> the spade connectors on the main power leads and replaced the wiring sock
et
> plug-in connector as well. ****
>
> We had heard that the Rotax engine electronic system is very sensitive to
> the requirement of the ground connection, so additionally we ran a 10ga
> copper wire from the base lug on the voltage regulator to the negative
> terminal connecting stud at the battery/airframe. This has not solved the
> problem. I flew 7hours last weekend and near the end of the flight time,
I
> noticed the amp gauge still jumping up and down.****
>
> I have spoken with several knowledgeable Rotax guys and both asked me if
I
> ran the ground from the base of the voltage regulator directly to the
> engine block?****
>
> So, this afternoon I removed the wire socket plug connector and inspected
> the wire ends and crimped connectors. There was no sign of heat damage, s
o
> I reconnected the primary connection plug. I made up another ground wire
> with soldered wire ends and waterproof shrink tubing. I then installed th
e
> new ground wire from the mounting bolt on the base of the voltage regulat
or
> directly to the engine block. Tomorrow I will run the engine and see if t
he
> problem is solved.****
>
> Hope this helps, I will let you know how it goes.****
>
> Paul Grimstad,****
>
> Team RV12****
>
> Portland, OR ****
>
> ** **
>
> *From:* owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:
> owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com] *On Behalf Of *Carl
> *Sent:* Saturday, June 15, 2013 1:25 PM
> *To:* rotaxengines-list@matronics.com
> *Subject:* Re: RotaxEngines-List: Erratic voltage output****
>
> ** **
>
> Hi Doug****
>
> You stated you have no loose contacts, you could have a poor contact. Tw
o
> years ago I had an intermittent charging problem that took two day to
> trace. It was in an in-line fuse holder, the rubber coated ones that take
> ATC fuses. The fuse looked fairly normal but when I cut the holder open i
t
> was corroded and burnt. Replaced problem gone.****
>
> Carl****
>
> ----- Original Message ----- ****
>
> *From:* MacDonald Doug <dougsnash@yahoo.com> ****
>
> *To:* rotax list <rotaxengines-list@matronics.com> ****
>
> *Sent:* Friday, June 14, 2013 10:44 AM****
>
> *Subject:* RotaxEngines-List: Erratic voltage output****
>
> ** **
>
> I'm having an erratic voltage output problem on my 912UL powered CH-701.
>
> To try and fix the problem I have replaced the voltage regulator and
> verified I have no loose connections in the electrical system. Even with
a
> new regulator I am still getting the same voltage spikes when at full
> power. At idle and during run-up the voltage reading on my analog VDO
> voltmeter is rock solid. It indicates about 14 volts once up off of idle
> power and my digital voltmeter show about 13.6 Volts. Once I apply takeo
ff
> power the analog voltmeter needle starts to vibrate wildly plus and minus
> about 1-2 volts and the digital voltmeter becomes unstable. If I am flyi
ng
> with a light electrical load, the digital voltmeter tops out at just over
> 14 volts but drifts around as low as 13.7. If I put on my nav and strobe
> lights the voltage drops to 13.3-13.6 range but the needle on the analog
> meter continues to vibrate the same.
>
> The only other components (beside the regulator) in the electrical system
> I can think of which might be causing the voltage spikes are the capacito
r
> or a problem with the actual alternator coils. I thought the problem may
> have been a bad analog gauge but given that the digital readings are also
> erratic I believe it to be a legitimate issue and not simply a display
> problem.
>
> I'm pretty good at chasing electrons but this issue has me stumped.
> Anyone have any ideas what could be causing my erratic voltage output?
>
> Doug MacDonald
> CH-701, Northwestern Ontario****
>
> ** **
>
> * *
>
> * *
>
> *href="http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List">http://www
.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List*
>
> *href="http://forums.matronics.com">http://forums.matronics.com*
>
> *href="http://www.matronics.com/contribution">http://www.matronics.com/
c*
>
> * *
>
> * *
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List*
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://forums.matronics.com*
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://www.matronics.com/contribution*
>
> **
>
> * *
>
> *
>
===========
===========
===========
===========
> *
>
>
Message 2
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Erratic voltage output |
Greetings Paul,
If you want GOOD advice and information on all things
aviationelectrical/electronic, check out http://www.aeroelectric.com/
and the aeroelectric-list@matronics.com, right here on Matt's server.
No affiliation, just a long time subscriber.
Raymond Julian
Kettle River, MN.
"And you know that I could have me a million more friends,
and all I'd have to lose is my point of view." - John Prine
On 06/19/2013 11:32 AM, FLYaDIVE wrote:
>
> 1. Paul:
>
>
> I just read your post and something caught my eye: "I made up another
> ground wire with soldered wire ends and waterproof shrink tubing."
>
> You should NOT solder the wire ends. You should ONLY CRIMP them.
> Soldering creates what is know as a HARDPOINT and causes the wire to
> fail due to vibration, right at the END point of the solder to wire
> connection.
>
> Now, to contradict what I just said: I have a method of soldering
> that is Perfectly Acceptable. The steps are:
>
> 1. Clean the wire
> 2. CRIMP on the lug
> 3. Using SILVER SOLDER - Solder ONLY - ONLY - ONLY - The END of the
> wire next to the ring lug. DO NOT keep the heat on the wire for a
> long time. Only enough time to get a flow of solder between the
> wire and the lug. If you apply too much heat and too much time
> the solder will WICK down the wire and create a HARDPOINT.
> 4. By doing it my way you create a GREAT Mechanical and Electrical
> connection.
> 5. After soldering the connection CLEAN the connection with alcohol
> to remove any flux.
> 6. I have been doing this for years and NEVER had a failure either
> mechanically or electrically.
>
> ALSO:
>
> * Do NOT use SPADE crimp on connectors. Use RING crimp on connectors.
> * Why? #1 they are NOT approved via AC 43-13. #2 They have a built
> in design failure point... the SPADE!
>
> ALSO #2:
>
> 1. Your statement: "so additionally we ran a 10ga copper wire from
> the base lug on the voltage regulator to the negative terminal
> connecting stud at the battery/airframe. " You also have to run
> that SAME wire to the airframe [Airframe Ground].
> 2. Do not rely on a single ground point to do everything.
>
> I just posted an in depth How To with Explanations. Take the time to
> read and understand what I wrote. If you have questions PLEASE post
> them, I will be happy to explain.
>
> *Barry*
>
>
> On Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 2:09 AM, Paul Grimstad
> <paul@controlapproach.com <mailto:paul@controlapproach.com>> wrote:
>
> We have been experiencing wild fluctuations on the amperage meter,
> running a 912uls with Dynon 180 EFIS engine monitor. The spikes
> range from +5 to -6. Voltage is also high (high 13's), but then it
> seems to settle down after takeoff. I thought the high voltage
> maybe because we just installed a new battery.
>
> We also just installed a new voltage regulator and when we
> grounded the plane and took a look at the condition we found the
> two power leads going into the regulator were completely melted
> and the heat was starting to melt the plastic mounting socket on
> the Ducati voltage regulator. We replaced the spade connectors on
> the main power leads and replaced the wiring socket plug-in
> connector as well.
>
> We had heard that the Rotax engine electronic system is very
> sensitive to the requirement of the ground connection, so
> additionally we ran a 10ga copper wire from the base lug on the
> voltage regulator to the negative terminal connecting stud at the
> battery/airframe. This has not solved the problem. I flew 7hours
> last weekend and near the end of the flight time, I noticed the
> amp gauge still jumping up and down.
>
> I have spoken with several knowledgeable Rotax guys and both asked
> me if I ran the ground from the base of the voltage regulator
> directly to the engine block?
>
> So, this afternoon I removed the wire socket plug connector and
> inspected the wire ends and crimped connectors. There was no sign
> of heat damage, so I reconnected the primary connection plug. I
> made up another ground wire with soldered wire ends and waterproof
> shrink tubing. I then installed the new ground wire from the
> mounting bolt on the base of the voltage regulator directly to the
> engine block. Tomorrow I will run the engine and see if the
> problem is solved.
>
> Hope this helps, I will let you know how it goes.
>
> Paul Grimstad,
>
> Team RV12
>
> Portland, OR
>
> *From:*owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com
> <mailto:owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com>
> [mailto:owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com
> <mailto:owner-rotaxengines-list-server@matronics.com>] *On Behalf
> Of *Carl
> *Sent:* Saturday, June 15, 2013 1:25 PM
> *To:* rotaxengines-list@matronics.com
> <mailto:rotaxengines-list@matronics.com>
> *Subject:* Re: RotaxEngines-List: Erratic voltage output
>
> Hi Doug
>
> You stated you have no loose contacts, you could have a poor
> contact. Two years ago I had an intermittent charging problem
> that took two day to trace. It was in an in-line fuse holder, the
> rubber coated ones that take ATC fuses. The fuse looked fairly
> normal but when I cut the holder open it was corroded and burnt.
> Replaced problem gone.
>
> Carl
>
> ----- Original Message -----
>
> *From:*MacDonald Doug <mailto:dougsnash@yahoo.com>
>
> *To:*rotax list <mailto:rotaxengines-list@matronics.com>
>
> *Sent:*Friday, June 14, 2013 10:44 AM
>
> *Subject:*RotaxEngines-List: Erratic voltage output
>
> I'm having an erratic voltage output problem on my 912UL
> powered CH-701.
>
> To try and fix the problem I have replaced the voltage
> regulator and verified I have no loose connections in the
> electrical system. Even with a new regulator I am still
> getting the same voltage spikes when at full power. At idle
> and during run-up the voltage reading on my analog VDO
> voltmeter is rock solid. It indicates about 14 volts once up
> off of idle power and my digital voltmeter show about 13.6
> Volts. Once I apply takeoff power the analog voltmeter needle
> starts to vibrate wildly plus and minus about 1-2 volts and
> the digital voltmeter becomes unstable. If I am flying with a
> light electrical load, the digital voltmeter tops out at just
> over 14 volts but drifts around as low as 13.7. If I put on
> my nav and strobe lights the voltage drops to 13.3-13.6 range
> but the needle on the analog meter continues to vibrate the same.
>
> The only other components (beside the regulator) in the
> electrical system I can think of which might be causing the
> voltage spikes are the capacitor or a problem with the actual
> alternator coils. I thought the problem may have been a bad
> analog gauge but given that the digital readings are also
> erratic I believe it to be a legitimate issue and not simply a
> display problem.
>
> I'm pretty good at chasing electrons but this issue has me
> stumped. Anyone have any ideas what could be causing my
> erratic voltage output?
>
> Doug MacDonald
> CH-701, Northwestern Ontario
>
> * *
>
> * *
>
> *href="http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List">http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List*
>
> *href="http://forums.matronics.com">http://forums.matronics.com*
>
> *href="http://www.matronics.com/contribution">http://www.matronics.com/c*
>
> * *
>
> * *
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List*
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://forums.matronics.com*
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> **
>
> *http://www.matronics.com/contribution*
>
> **
>
> * *
>
> *
>
> ist" target="_blank">http://www.matronics.com/Navigator?RotaxEngines-List
> tp://forums.matronics.com
> _blank">http://www.matronics.com/contribution
>
> *
>
>
> *
>
>
> *
Message 3
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Daul Mags on the 914 |
Hello All.
I have just replace a mag HT coil on my 914, simple job, but a ridiculous job to
do it took my a day because you can not get at the nuts and bolts.
However all is well now, I have equal drops of about 280to300 on each .
I can understand the more efficient burning on two hence the extra 300 rpm.
But when run on either the left or right mag the engine is not as smooth as when
on two. WHY??
A car has only one set of plugs and that runs smooth, So at 4000rpm on two smooth
3710 rpms on one not as smooth ??
Alan
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403012#403012
Message 4
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Daul Mags on the 914 |
Alen:
The simple answers are:
- When you adjust the carb it is adjusted for the spark available. If
you had only one spark plug you would adjust the carb for the best run with
that one plug. Since you have two spark plugs the burn is better - BUT -
You need the two plugs.
- Spark Plug Location - When you are talking real estate there are three
things that matter - Location - Location - Location. When running on ONE
plug in a dual plug system, it is NOT in the best location to give the best
spark/burn. A car puts the plug in the optimum location for spark and
burn.
- Most aircraft engines sacrifice spark plug location for
Safety/REDUNDANCY.
*Barry*
On Wed, Jun 19, 2013 at 5:45 PM, Alan Carter <alancarteresq@onetel.net>wrote:
> alancarteresq@onetel.net>
>
> Hello All.
> I have just replace a mag HT coil on my 914, simple job, but a ridiculous
> job to do it took my a day because you can not get at the nuts and bolts.
> However all is well now, I have equal drops of about 280to300 on each .
> I can understand the more efficient burning on two hence the extra 300 rpm.
> But when run on either the left or right mag the engine is not as smooth
> as when on two. WHY??
> A car has only one set of plugs and that runs smooth, So at 4000rpm on
> two smooth 3710 rpms on one not as smooth ??
>
> Alan
>
>
> Read this topic online here:
>
> http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403012#403012
>
>
Message 5
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Daul Mags on the 914 |
Thank you Barry.
All of that seems to make sense, well it does make sense, i am just surprised the
difference in makes, as its about the same roughness on each mag, and as you
say much smoother on two.
Regards
Alan
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403015#403015
Message 6
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Daul Mags on the 914 |
Alan, what were your mag drop figures before the HT coil replacement? Also, did
you clearly see on the spark plugs (different colors) that you had an issue with
an HT coil?
Thanks, Jacques.
Read this topic online here:
http://forums.matronics.com/viewtopic.php?p=403016#403016
Message 7
INDEX | Back to Main INDEX |
PREVIOUS | Skip to PREVIOUS Message |
NEXT | Skip to NEXT Message |
LIST | Reply to LIST Regarding this Message |
SENDER | Reply to SENDER Regarding this Message |
|
Subject: | Re: Erratic voltage output |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Other Matronics Email List Services
These Email List Services are sponsored solely by Matronics and through the generous Contributions of its members.
-- Please support this service by making your Contribution today! --
|