Today's Message Index:
----------------------
1. 06:20 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John Jessen)
2. 06:39 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (Tommy Norman)
3. 06:47 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (Tommy Norman)
4. 07:08 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John Jessen)
5. 07:26 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (RV Builder (Michael Sausen))
6. 07:26 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (RV Builder (Michael Sausen))
7. 10:56 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John W. Cox)
8. 11:58 AM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (RV Builder (Michael Sausen))
9. 12:02 PM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John W. Cox)
10. 04:22 PM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (Gary Specketer)
11. 04:47 PM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John W. Cox)
12. 06:36 PM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (RV Builder (Michael Sausen))
13. 07:58 PM - Re: Bonding Strap Location (John W. Cox)
Message 1
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it
only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know
about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond
the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the
tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a
rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily
believe that we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his
own. The electrical potential difference between the flight controls and
the main airframe is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion,
etc) than actual static build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=22> Recent RV-10
Build Activity
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps,
where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production
spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are
doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this
http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped
ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes
turned skywards, for there you have been and there you will long to return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 2
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
John,
You can search the archives here and on www.vansairforce.net
<http://www.vansairforce.net/> to find some good information. It is a
personal decision much like the primer debate (both of which have been
debated enough already). I decided to add them to error on the side of
caution. I have been frustrated enough times in the past due to lost or
garbled communications (not fun in busy airspace or while IFR).
Tom
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 8:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is
it only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't
know about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants
away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to
bond the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea
with the tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you
can find a rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I
don't necessarily believe that we are in the speed ranges that need
wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical potential difference
between the flight controls and the main airframe is more likely to
cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static build up at
the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=22> Recent
RV-10 Build Activity
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding
straps, where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at
the production spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other
-10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like
this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with
a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes
turned skywards, for there you have been and there you will long to
return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 3
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
Thanks Michael. Do you know what size bonding strap you will use? I=92m
thinking =BC=94 but that is a pure WAG with no technical theory to back it
up.
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 8:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to
bond the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea
with the tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you
can find a rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I
don't necessarily believe that we are in the speed ranges that need
wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical potential difference
between the flight controls and the main airframe is more likely to
cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static build up at
the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22> Recent
RV-10 Build Activity
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding
straps, where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at
the production spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other
-10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like
this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with
a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes
turned skywards, for there you have been and there you will long to
return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 4
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
Tom, thanks!
do not archive
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 9:39 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
John,
You can search the archives here and on www.vansairforce.net
<http://www.vansairforce.net/> to find some good information. It is a
personal decision much like the primer debate (both of which have been
debated enough already). I decided to add them to error on the side of
caution. I have been frustrated enough times in the past due to lost or
garbled communications (not fun in busy airspace or while IFR).
Tom
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 8:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it
only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know
about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond
the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the
tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a
rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily
believe that we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his
own. The electrical potential difference between the flight controls and
the main airframe is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion,
etc) than actual static build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=22> Recent RV-10
Build Activity
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps,
where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production
spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are
doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this
http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped
ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes
turned skywards, for there you have been and there you will long to return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 5
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
Honestly I don't know, but we are dealing with such a tiny amount of current over
such a short distance I would think 1/4 would be plenty. I will probably use
whatever fit's the best.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 8:46 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Thanks Michael. Do you know what size bonding strap you will use? I'm thinking
=BC" but that is a pure WAG with no technical theory to back it up.
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder (Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 8:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond the
flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the tinned
strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a rough guesstimate
on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily believe that
we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical
potential difference between the flight controls and the main airframe
is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static
build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps, where
are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production spam
cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes turned skywards,
for there you have been and there you will long to return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 6
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
John,
I am by no means an expert in this field but I have heard all sides including
comments on this from Dick Kohler at a EAA Sportair Workshop on Electrical Systems
just last weekend. He is much smarter than most of us and echoed my thoughts
on the matter.
The bottom line is static wicks are a black art and there is no "one" placement
that will 100% work on all of even one model of aircraft. As I understand
things, precipitation static, what we are worrying about here, is only generated
when something (water vapor, dust, smoke, etc) rubs against the airframe at
speeds great enough to generate a charge. This charge buildup is what causes
the problems and static wicks give a low resistance point to shed that charge
back to the atmosphere.
Bottom line is many people put them on to chase away pink elephants, nothing
wrong with that. You will never know if they help because it is very much a perceived
value unless you take them off and have a problem. Static charges loves
to jump away via sharp points at the aft most point it can. There is always
a good chance that with our metal aircraft, and sub 200 knot speeds, static
energy will dissipate on it's own from the sharp trailing edge of the control
surfaces, hence my reason for still wanting to bond control surfaces with the
airframe. One issue with us is the fact that the absolute aft most point on
the -10 is actually fiberglass with a tail light. If you do have a problem you
can always bond wicks later.
For me I was all over putting them on in the beginning. Once I talked to some
people and read a bunch of stuff, I realized they probably aren't needed. Adding
the fact they are ugly, prone to poking me as I climb around, and add some
amount of drag, I decided I can always add them later. One thing to keep in
mind, wicks will almost certainly not help in a lightening strike as it has
enough energy to overcome any resistance to it's path of choice. But bonded surfaces
will help it directly traverse the airframe without jumping and burning
holes.
My two cents.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 8:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it only
when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know about any of
this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder (Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond the
flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the tinned
strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a rough guesstimate
on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily believe that
we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical
potential difference between the flight controls and the main airframe
is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static
build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps, where
are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production spam
cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Tommy
Frisco, TX (DFW area)
RV-10
For once you have tasted flight you will walk the earth with your eyes turned skywards,
for there you have been and there you will long to return.
--Leonardo da Vinci
Message 7
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical events,
both of which are centered around assisting the conductivity of a
material (Metal/Composite/Air). Saint Elmo's Fire is another phenomena.
Composite canopies (of the sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are a new
occurrence. Aluminum conductivity helps keep P static to a minimum and
yet for guys who fly in visible or even translucent clouds, the
interference on the radio band is unmistakable. When moving from
Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time important flight, P static needs to
be addressed and remediated. Wicks help in both arena. When you
introduce a composite cover at the most remote corner of a control
surface you are helping defeat the natural discharge of induced voltage
(Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical, Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of bonding
straps that circumvent control surface bearing connections with a more
conductive path. When a lightning bolt hits, it always departs
somewhere. The welding effect on bearings or bushings is amazing. We
just replaced 45 feet of rivet line (hundreds of blown rivets) in the
floor of one of our Air Carrier birds that ventured into it. It was not
flying fast, it was not flying high, it was just flying in the damp
Pacific North Wet. With or without static wicks, I would hope every
builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing "Bonding Straps".
It takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal increments of
voltage. Static can be in the millivolt range and still take a bite out
of a piece of expensive avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to reduce
corrosion, moisture penetration and mechanical strains from movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is
it only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't
know about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants
away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to
bond the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea
with the tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you
can find a rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I
don't necessarily believe that we are in the speed ranges that need
wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical potential difference
between the flight controls and the main airframe is more likely to
cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static build up at
the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding
straps, where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at
the production spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other
-10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like
this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with
a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Message 8
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
As always John, a good addition to the conversation. You see more of this in
a week than most of us do in a lifetime. Glad to see my thoughts on bonding
ring true.
One more thing I want to add is that there is no way to drain static from fiberglass
parts other than to embed a conductive mesh just below the surface of
the part and then bonding that to your airframe. If you try to bond a regular
fiberglass part, it will only drain that specific spot. And if you remember
those old high school experiments, the glass part of fiberglass is one of the
better generators of static electricity.
It really isn't that much more cost or effort to add such a mesh during construction,
and it's too bad they don't. Of course our wingtip antennas would be
useless and there would be no more hiding GPS antennas under the cowl.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 12:53 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical events, both of
which are centered around assisting the conductivity of a material (Metal/Composite/Air).
Saint Elmo's Fire is another phenomena. Composite canopies (of the
sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are a new occurrence. Aluminum conductivity
helps keep P static to a minimum and yet for guys who fly in visible or even translucent
clouds, the interference on the radio band is unmistakable. When moving
from Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time important flight, P static needs
to be addressed and remediated. Wicks help in both arena. When you introduce
a composite cover at the most remote corner of a control surface you are helping
defeat the natural discharge of induced voltage (Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical,
Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of bonding straps that
circumvent control surface bearing connections with a more conductive path. When
a lightning bolt hits, it always departs somewhere. The welding effect on
bearings or bushings is amazing. We just replaced 45 feet of rivet line (hundreds
of blown rivets) in the floor of one of our Air Carrier birds that ventured
into it. It was not flying fast, it was not flying high, it was just flying
in the damp Pacific North Wet. With or without static wicks, I would hope every
builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing "Bonding Straps". It
takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal increments of voltage. Static
can be in the millivolt range and still take a bite out of a piece of expensive
avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to reduce corrosion,
moisture penetration and mechanical strains from movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it only
when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know about any of
this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder (Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond the
flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the tinned
strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a rough guesstimate
on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily believe that
we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical
potential difference between the flight controls and the main airframe
is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static
build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps, where
are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production spam
cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Message 9
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
Mike, (other John responding)
I too am no expert on this subject but that is why I went to A&P school
and choose to work at the airlines to learn while tackling the dream of
an RV10. I don't chase Pink Elephants but do deal with their droppings
- DAILY. We do so in the stealth of night while others sleep so you
never see the size or the process.
Speed is relative and there is no magic number which escapes the
reaction of static. You can build up static at 105 knots and I want to
go faster. The aircraft becomes an air capacitor. Yes over time
voltage storage can dissipate, that does not mean that it will, to a
level I am comfortable with. I have been knocked on my Keister more
than once with the capacitance of a CRT that was not property grounded.
Igniters on turbines are another example of capacitance. The goal of
static wicks is to discharge back into the source (the atmosphere). Just
like a ground wire returns the electron path to the source of
generation. At a certain level, the effect of P static affects safe RF
communications.
It is a common misunderstanding that it is the absolute aft locations
that are the only correct solution. That only works on a P3 Orion
trailing a MAD array behind it. If you imagine the centerline
(longitudinal) and a centrifugal force slinging P static outboard, then
it is the outboard most points from the longitudinal that benefit the
greatest from the use of static dissipation wicks. Hence, Ailerons, Top
of the rudder, and outboard on the Horizontal, then maybe the Tail.
Because one can loose effectiveness, we use redundancy with two or more
in each location. Beyond that rule, it does become black magic much
like skin mapping for an effective ground plane and signal propagation
with your favorite antennae. It is measurable, it is repeatable and
hence with every aircraft being different it creates confusion =3D Black
Magic. E glass impedes the effective transmission back to the source of
the p-static (to the atmosphere). You need to plan for future wicks if
you consider effective deployment later. They don't get added Willy
Nilly. Removable wicks can remain OFF the aircraft (until after the
airshow season) and not placed (threaded back ON) until flight into such
planned conditions. Then back OFF and into storage again. The lack of
effective wicks are the single greatest contributor to blowing holes in
composite material when the natural path of high voltage is being
interrupted. This is separate from the subject of P-static. Hence, I
humbly disagree that they don't help in a lightning incursion. My
premise is that they are a requirement to mitigate damage. We have a
megaohmer and test each wick regularly. Most pilots can't. I sent some
good information to Tim on this subject for the RV University site.
"Back to picking up piles." And to use Dan Checkoway's quote in this
month's Kitplane - to squeezing the rivets, not bucking.
John - $00.02
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 7:27 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
John,
I am by no means an expert in this field but I have heard all sides
including comments on this from Dick Kohler at a EAA Sportair Workshop
on Electrical Systems just last weekend. He is much smarter than most
of us and echoed my thoughts on the matter.
The bottom line is static wicks are a black art and there is no "one"
placement that will 100% work on all of even one model of aircraft. As
I understand things, precipitation static, what we are worrying about
here, is only generated when something (water vapor, dust, smoke, etc)
rubs against the airframe at speeds great enough to generate a charge.
This charge buildup is what causes the problems and static wicks give a
low resistance point to shed that charge back to the atmosphere.
Bottom line is many people put them on to chase away pink elephants,
nothing wrong with that. You will never know if they help because it is
very much a perceived value unless you take them off and have a problem.
Static charges loves to jump away via sharp points at the aft most point
it can. There is always a good chance that with our metal aircraft, and
sub 200 knot speeds, static energy will dissipate on it's own from the
sharp trailing edge of the control surfaces, hence my reason for still
wanting to bond control surfaces with the airframe. One issue with us
is the fact that the absolute aft most point on the -10 is actually
fiberglass with a tail light. If you do have a problem you can always
bond wicks later.
For me I was all over putting them on in the beginning. Once I talked
to some people and read a bunch of stuff, I realized they probably
aren't needed. Adding the fact they are ugly, prone to poking me as I
climb around, and add some amount of drag, I decided I can always add
them later. One thing to keep in mind, wicks will almost certainly not
help in a lightening strike as it has enough energy to overcome any
resistance to it's path of choice. But bonded surfaces will help it
directly traverse the airframe without jumping and burning holes.
My two cents.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity
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________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 8:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is
it only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't
know about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants
away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
Message 10
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
When using Proseal, how is it used so as not to interupt conductivity?
Gary
40274
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 1:53 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical events, both
of which are centered around assisting the conductivity of a material
(Metal/Composite/Air). Saint Elmo's Fire is another phenomena. Composite
canopies (of the sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are a new occurrence.
Aluminum conductivity helps keep P static to a minimum and yet for guys who
fly in visible or even translucent clouds, the interference on the radio
band is unmistakable. When moving from Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time
important flight, P static needs to be addressed and remediated. Wicks help
in both arena. When you introduce a composite cover at the most remote
corner of a control surface you are helping defeat the natural discharge of
induced voltage (Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical, Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of bonding straps
that circumvent control surface bearing connections with a more conductive
path. When a lightning bolt hits, it always departs somewhere. The welding
effect on bearings or bushings is amazing. We just replaced 45 feet of
rivet line (hundreds of blown rivets) in the floor of one of our Air Carrier
birds that ventured into it. It was not flying fast, it was not flying high,
it was just flying in the damp Pacific North Wet. With or without static
wicks, I would hope every builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing
"Bonding Straps". It takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal
increments of voltage. Static can be in the millivolt range and still take
a bite out of a piece of expensive avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to reduce
corrosion, moisture penetration and mechanical strains from movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it
only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know
about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond
the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the
tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a
rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily
believe that we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his
own. The electrical potential difference between the flight controls and
the main airframe is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion,
etc) than actual static build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22> Recent RV-10
Build Activity
_____
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps,
where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production
spam cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are
doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this
http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped
ring terminal?
Thanks,
Message 11
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
It's applied over the head of the (correctly torqued) fastener at the
terminal end of each braid eyelet. It seals the fasteners, eyes and
braid to the object. It is much like doing the process inside the fuel
cell. Conductivity is through the braid material, through the crimped
eye (in contact with the mount point). The superior path provides a
level of protection to direct the damaging voltage away from an "arc
across a bearing or bushing face". It's the arc that is so damaging.
It is a bitch to remove when the braid becomes worn and requires
replacement. It is ProSeal, which in some camps is a dirty word.
Proseal is also used in other areas to complete a fayed, fillet between
the airframe and an attachment item (like a bracket).
John
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Gary
Specketer
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 4:07 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
When using Proseal, how is it used so as not to interupt conductivity?
Gary
40274
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 1:53 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical
events, both of which are centered around assisting the conductivity of
a material (Metal/Composite/Air). Saint Elmo's Fire is another
phenomena. Composite canopies (of the sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are
a new occurrence. Aluminum conductivity helps keep P static to a
minimum and yet for guys who fly in visible or even translucent clouds,
the interference on the radio band is unmistakable. When moving from
Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time important flight, P static needs to
be addressed and remediated. Wicks help in both arena. When you
introduce a composite cover at the most remote corner of a control
surface you are helping defeat the natural discharge of induced voltage
(Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical, Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of
bonding straps that circumvent control surface bearing connections with
a more conductive path. When a lightning bolt hits, it always departs
somewhere. The welding effect on bearings or bushings is amazing. We
just replaced 45 feet of rivet line (hundreds of blown rivets) in the
floor of one of our Air Carrier birds that ventured into it. It was not
flying fast, it was not flying high, it was just flying in the damp
Pacific North Wet. With or without static wicks, I would hope every
builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing "Bonding Straps".
It takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal increments of
voltage. Static can be in the millivolt range and still take a bite out
of a piece of expensive avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to
reduce corrosion, moisture penetration and mechanical strains from
movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly
faster. Is it only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed?
I don't know about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the
elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on
trying to bond the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the
right idea with the tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks
and you can find a rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point.
I don't necessarily believe that we are in the speed ranges that need
wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical potential difference
between the flight controls and the main airframe is more likely to
cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static build up at
the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity
<http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with
bonding straps, where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have
looked at the production spam cans around the airport but wanted to see
what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something
like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php
with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Message 12
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
What about using something like LPS 3?
Michael
Do not archive
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:46 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
It's applied over the head of the (correctly torqued) fastener at the terminal
end of each braid eyelet. It seals the fasteners, eyes and braid to the object.
It is much like doing the process inside the fuel cell. Conductivity is through
the braid material, through the crimped eye (in contact with the mount point).
The superior path provides a level of protection to direct the damaging
voltage away from an "arc across a bearing or bushing face". It's the arc that
is so damaging.
It is a bitch to remove when the braid becomes worn and requires replacement.
It is ProSeal, which in some camps is a dirty word.
Proseal is also used in other areas to complete a fayed, fillet between the airframe
and an attachment item (like a bracket).
John
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Gary Specketer
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 4:07 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
When using Proseal, how is it used so as not to interupt conductivity?
Gary
40274
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 1:53 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical events, both of
which are centered around assisting the conductivity of a material (Metal/Composite/Air).
Saint Elmo's Fire is another phenomena. Composite canopies (of the
sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are a new occurrence. Aluminum conductivity
helps keep P static to a minimum and yet for guys who fly in visible or even
translucent clouds, the interference on the radio band is unmistakable. When
moving from Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time important flight, P static needs
to be addressed and remediated. Wicks help in both arena. When you introduce
a composite cover at the most remote corner of a control surface you are helping
defeat the natural discharge of induced voltage (Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical,
Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of bonding straps that
circumvent control surface bearing connections with a more conductive path.
When a lightning bolt hits, it always departs somewhere. The welding effect on
bearings or bushings is amazing. We just replaced 45 feet of rivet line (hundreds
of blown rivets) in the floor of one of our Air Carrier birds that ventured
into it. It was not flying fast, it was not flying high, it was just flying
in the damp Pacific North Wet. With or without static wicks, I would hope every
builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing "Bonding Straps". It
takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal increments of voltage.
Static can be in the millivolt range and still take a bite out of a piece of expensive
avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to reduce corrosion,
moisture penetration and mechanical strains from movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly faster. Is it only
when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed? I don't know about any
of this, so may put them on to just keep the elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder (Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on trying to bond the
flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the right idea with the tinned
strap though. Several people are doing wicks and you can find a rough guesstimate
on Tim's site for a starting point. I don't necessarily believe that
we are in the speed ranges that need wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical
potential difference between the flight controls and the main airframe
is more likely to cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static
build up at the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity <http://www.mykitlog.com/display_project.php?project_id=3D22>
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com [mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with bonding straps, where
are you attaching the bonding straps? I have looked at the production spam
cans around the airport but wanted to see what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
Message 13
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| Subject: | Bonding Strap Location |
LPS 3 is one step down from Hard Coat and we use it on fasteners which
are exposed to the weather, such as inspection covers. It slows but
does not stop the corrosion. Corrosion can kill a low resistance
bonding strap. It is a great film to be applied on surfaces which are
exposed to outside ambient temperatures without benefit of cabin heat.
On our Air Carrier fleet you will find it in the nose (forward of the
pressure bulkhead), tail (aft of the pressure bulkhead) and below the
heated floor where humidity lurks, just waiting for condensation.
The ProSeal is found where bonding straps bridge airframe to moving
control surface or landing gear doors. Those surfaces which get fuel,
oils, grime and grit. I don't want to take anything away from LPS3 and
as the Builder, it is your choice of material, technique and final
construction quality. These are not certified airframes. That is part
of the thrill.
John
Do not Archive
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:34 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
What about using something like LPS 3?
Michael
Do not archive
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:46 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
It's applied over the head of the (correctly torqued) fastener at the
terminal end of each braid eyelet. It seals the fasteners, eyes and
braid to the object. It is much like doing the process inside the fuel
cell. Conductivity is through the braid material, through the crimped
eye (in contact with the mount point). The superior path provides a
level of protection to direct the damaging voltage away from an "arc
across a bearing or bushing face". It's the arc that is so damaging.
It is a bitch to remove when the braid becomes worn and requires
replacement. It is ProSeal, which in some camps is a dirty word.
Proseal is also used in other areas to complete a fayed, fillet between
the airframe and an attachment item (like a bracket).
John
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Gary
Specketer
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 4:07 PM
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
When using Proseal, how is it used so as not to interupt conductivity?
Gary
40274
-----Original Message-----
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John W. Cox
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 1:53 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
P static and Lightning Dissipation are two different electrical
events, both of which are centered around assisting the conductivity of
a material (Metal/Composite/Air). Saint Elmo's Fire is another
phenomena. Composite canopies (of the sheer size of an RV10) on VANS are
a new occurrence. Aluminum conductivity helps keep P static to a
minimum and yet for guys who fly in visible or even translucent clouds,
the interference on the radio band is unmistakable. When moving from
Day/VFR/Recreation to Night/IFR/Time important flight, P static needs to
be addressed and remediated. Wicks help in both arena. When you
introduce a composite cover at the most remote corner of a control
surface you are helping defeat the natural discharge of induced voltage
(Wingtip, Horizontal, Vertical, Rudder).
IMHO, It is foolishness not to understand the advantage of
bonding straps that circumvent control surface bearing connections with
a more conductive path. When a lightning bolt hits, it always departs
somewhere. The welding effect on bearings or bushings is amazing. We
just replaced 45 feet of rivet line (hundreds of blown rivets) in the
floor of one of our Air Carrier birds that ventured into it. It was not
flying fast, it was not flying high, it was just flying in the damp
Pacific North Wet. With or without static wicks, I would hope every
builder makes a conscious choice before dismissing "Bonding Straps".
It takes a Mega ohm meter to measure such infinitesimal increments of
voltage. Static can be in the millivolt range and still take a bite out
of a piece of expensive avionics.
We use ProSeal on each connection point of bonding straps to
reduce corrosion, moisture penetration and mechanical strains from
movement.
John - KUAO
Do not Archive
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of John Jessen
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2006 6:18 AM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
Michael, then why do C-182's have wicks? Certainly we fly
faster. Is it only when we are in the clouds that the wicks are needed?
I don't know about any of this, so may put them on to just keep the
elephants away.
John Jessen
~328 (buildus interruptus)
=09
________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of RV Builder
(Michael Sausen)
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 9:41 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RE: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
I am not planning on putting on static wicks but I do plan on
trying to bond the flight controls. How? Not sure yet. You have the
right idea with the tinned strap though. Several people are doing wicks
and you can find a rough guesstimate on Tim's site for a starting point.
I don't necessarily believe that we are in the speed ranges that need
wicks yet, but to each his own. The electrical potential difference
between the flight controls and the main airframe is more likely to
cause problems (RF noise, corrosion, etc) than actual static build up at
the trailing edges IMHO.
Michael Sausen
RV-10 #352 Working on Fuselage
Do Not Archive
Recent RV-10 Build Activity
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________________________________
From: owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com
[mailto:owner-rv10-list-server@matronics.com] On Behalf Of Tommy Norman
Sent: Thursday, March 09, 2006 7:45 PM
To: rv10-list@matronics.com
Subject: RV10-List: Bonding Strap Location
For those of you that decided to install static wicks with
bonding straps, where are you attaching the bonding straps? I have
looked at the production spam cans around the airport but wanted to see
what other -10 builders are doing.
Also, what are you using for the strap and what size? Something
like this http://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/elpages/copperbraid.php
with a crimped ring terminal?
Thanks,
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